高分子季铵盐型抗菌材料的制备  

Study on preparation of macromolecular quaternary ammonium salts antimicrobial materials

作　　者：吴远根[1] 邱树毅[1] 汤瑜[1] 张难[1] 王广莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学贵州省发酵工程与生物制药重点实验室,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州大学化学工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《应用化工》2007年第12期1157-1161,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50363001);国家"863"计划基金(2003AA33X080);教育部春晖计划项目(S2005-2-52001);贵州省自然科学基金(20033082)项目资助

摘　　要：通过γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的偶联，将水溶性聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）接枝在纳米SiO2表面，随后分别用1-溴己烷和碘甲烷对接枝的PEI进行N-烷基化修饰，使PEI中的部分氨基转变成季铵盐，得到水不溶性QPEI／SiO2微粒。通过测定PEI／SiO2上PEI的接枝量，考察了各种反应条件对QPEI／SiO2微粒制备的影响规律。研究结果表明，纳米SiO2表面接枝PEI的适宜条件为：反应溶剂为DMF，反应温度90-100℃，反应时间8h，氯丙基化SiO2与PEI质量比为4：1，在此条件下制备的QPEI／SiO2微粒中PEI接枝量为14．8％。QPEI／SiO2微粒经甲基化修饰后，季铵盐含量由0．96％增加到3．37％，其抗菌性能显著增强。Water-soluble polyethylenimine （PEI） was grafted onto the surface of nano-SiO2 particles through the couple effect of γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and the water-insoluble antimicrobial SiO2 particles grafted with quaternized polyethylenimines （ QPEI/SiO2 ） was prepared followed by the N-alkylation of coated PEI with 1-bromohexane and idomethane ,respectively. The influences of various factors on the preparation of QPEI/SiO2 were examined via measuring the grafted amount of PEI on the composite of QPEI/SiO2. The results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows：the reaction temperature is 90 - 100 ℃ ,the reaction time is 8 h ,the mass ratio of CP-SiO2 to PEI is 4 ： 1 ,and the reaction solvent is dimethyl formamide （DMF）. The grafted amount of PEI in the QPEI/SiO2 prepared at the above conditions is 14.8%. Compared to the QPEI/SiO2 without methylation, the amount of quaternary ammonium salts in the methylated QPEI/SiO2 was added from 0.96% to 3.37%, and its antimicrobial activities against bacteria and yeast were enhanced obviously.

关 键 词：聚乙烯亚胺 季铵盐 抗菌 甲基化 

分 类 号：TQ127.2[化学工程—无机化工] O623.73[理学—有机化学]