重庆市两所大学学生营养知识、态度及行为的基线调查  

Baseline study on nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of students from two colleges in Chongqing

作　　者：赵勇[1] 李廷玉[2] 魏小平[1] 李继斌[1] 张勇[1] 杨小珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学营养与食品卫生学教研室,重庆市400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,重庆市400014

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第52期10458-10460,共3页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：达能膳食营养研究与宣教基金资助项目(DIC2004-12)~~

摘　　要：目的:了解重庆市某两所大学学生的营养知识、态度和行为现况,为开展营养教育效果评价提供基线数据。方法:选取重庆渝中区某学院为干预学校,文理科各一个系,整群抽取一年级9个班的学生,共289人;选取九龙坡区某学院为对照学校,选择与干预学校相匹配的文理科各一个系,整群抽取9个班的学生,共344人。于2005-03采用自编调查问卷,对以上633名在校学生进行营养知识、态度和行为的调查。问卷内容包括一般人口统计学资料、营养知识、态度、行为情况,营养知识获取途径等,其中知识问题满分16分,有关态度问题满分9分,行为问题满分40分,得分越高越好。结果:发放问卷650份,回收有效问卷633份,有效率97.4%。①两组学生一般人口学特征和家庭背景均有可比性(P>0.05)。②干预学校学生营养知识、态度和行为得分分别为(9.04±2.43),(7.13±1.20),(16.27±3.53)分,对照学校得分分别为(9.23±2.22),(6.96±1.28),(16.38±3.39)分,两组比较无差异。③只有30.33%的同学每天吃早餐,只有37.91%的学生在选择食物时考虑了营养价值或自己的营养需要,不常吃水果,常吃零食现象严重。大部分学生都有良好的求知欲望,希望通过多种途径获得营养知识。结论:①大学生对营养知识缺乏全面深入的了解,大部分学生营养态度端正,行为良好,但部分学生也存在一些问题。②两所学校营养知识、态度与行为无显著差异。AIM： To study the status of nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of the students of two colleges in Chongqing, providing a basis for developing nutrition education programs. METHODS： A cluster sample was drawn in 18 classes of freshmen （either major between arts and sciences） in two colleges of Chongqing Yuzhong district and Jiulongpo district, and all the subjects were divided into intervention group （n = 289） and control group （n =344）. In March 2005, a total of 633 students were tested by using self-designed questionnaire, which was consisted of the demography data, nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice, together with the approach of obtaining nutritional knowledge. The maximum scores of the nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior were 16, 9 and 40, respectively. High scores indicated better outcome. RESULTS; Totally 650 questionnaires were sent out and 633 of them were taken back, with the efficiency of 97.4%.（1） There were identical demography data and family background between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）.（2）The students of two colleges had no statistical difference in the scores of nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior [（9.04±2.43）, （7.13± 1.20）, （16.27±3.53） scores; （9.23±2.22）, （6.96±1.28）, （16.38±3.39） scores].（3）Only 30.33% of the students ate breakfast everyday, only 37.91% of the students thought about the nutritional value or the nutrition they need. There were serious phenomena that they did not often eat fruit but often ate ＂rubbish food＂. A majority of the students were thirst for the knowledge, hoping to get it by some approaches. CONCLUSION： （1）Lots of students lack a better understanding of nutritional knowledge. Although the majority of the students have correct attitudes and good dietary behavior, they still exhibit some unhealthy nutrition practice.（2）There are insignificant differences in the nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior between the two groups.

关 键 词：健康教育 营养知识 营养态度 营养行为 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]