生活技能训练对恢复期精神分裂症患者社会功能及情绪的影响  

EFFECTS OF THE LIVING SKILL TRAINING ON THE RECOVERY OF SOCIAL FUNCTION AND EMOTION OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

作　　者：张倬秋[1] 邓红[1] 张树森[1] 胡咏梅[1] 陶庆兰[1] 沈峰[1] 申文武[1] 邱昌建[1] 朱燕[1] 耿婷[1] 吴嘉[1] 孙学礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2008年第3期512-513,516,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划临床医学项目(2004BA720A22)

摘　　要：[目的]了解病程在5年内的患者的情绪状况,探索如何对出院后精神分裂症患者进行康复训练并形成行之有效的操作体系。[方法]对总病程少于5年的门诊恢复期精神分裂症患者,进行系统生活技能训练,内容包括:"生存"能力训练、问题解决训练、认识自我的训练、同理能力的训练、自信心训练、职业训练、药物治疗的自我管理技能、求助医生的技能、松弛训练。Montgomery-Asberg抑郁量表(MADRS)了解患者情绪、社会功能缺陷筛选量表对康复效果进行评价。[结果]训练前后,两组患者MADRS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),表明两组患者均无情绪障碍。训练前、训练后6个月社会功能缺陷总分及各因子分比较差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),训练后12个月比较,总分、职业和工作评分、家庭外的社会活动评分、对外界的兴趣和关心评分差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。[结论]病程在5年内的患者情绪障碍不突出,社会功能缺陷尚不严重,及早对患者进行生活技能训练,不仅能预防社会功能缺陷的发生,还能提升患者的生活质量。[Objective] To learn about the emotion status of schizophrenia patients whose courses of disease were less than 5 years. To explore how to do rehabilitation training for schizophrenia patients who left from hospitals and to make a feasible operating system. [Methods] Schizophrenia outpatients whose courses of disease were less than 5 years during the recovery period were trained with a systemic living skill training. That included survival skill training, solving problem training, self-learning training, empathy skill training, serf-confidence training, profession training, self- management training of medicine treatment, skill of asking for help from doctors training, relaxing training. The emotions of patients were learned about by Montgomery-Asberg depression scale. The effects of healing were evaluated by social skill objecuon screening scale. [ Results] The scores from MADRS in two groups which before and after training were no significant differences （P〉 0.05）. It showed that patients in two groups did not have emotion objection. There were no significant differences in the total score of social function objection and the scores of each factor before and after training for 6 months （ P〉0.05）. There were significant differences after training for 12 months in the total score, professional and working score, social activity score out of family, score of interesting in and caring about outside （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The emotion objections of patients whose courses of disease less than 5 years are not prominent. The social function objection is not severe. Training living skills of patient as earlier as possible can prevent the social function objection and improve life quality of patients.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 生活技能训练 社会功能 情绪 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]