航空遥感中POS与稳定平台控制组合技术  

The combined technology of POS and stabilized platform control in airborne remote sensing

作　　者：杨胜科[1] 汪骏发[1] 王建宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《电光与控制》2008年第2期62-65,93,共5页Electronics Optics & Control

基　　金：国家"八六三"计划二期项目资助(2003AA134040)

摘　　要：为获取高精度的航空遥感图像,可以采用高精度稳定平台,或者后期几何校正。前者需要巨大的研制经费,而后者在摄影平台姿态变化过大时也难以得到高质量图像。综合两者优缺点,采用低精度平台和后期几何校正结合的方法。根据要求,只需要一个低精度的侧滚方向的一维稳定平台,俯仰方向的对地指向精度通过提高相机的曝光率来弥补。通过分析实际物理平台的机械结构特性和实际外界干扰,在选用了适当的传感器(静态精度±0.1°),执行部件(步进电机及变速箱),数据处理器(MCS-51单片机)之后,提出了一种基于PD控制的自动调速控制方法。通过Matlab仿真和现场的飞行实验,系统取得了预期的效果。In order to get high-quality remote sensing images, we can either use high-resolution stabilized platform or later geometric rectification technique. But the former needs a large amount of R＆D cost and unbearable long research term, and the latter may get low-quality images when the orientation of the image platform changes too much. Fortunately, we can take the advantage of both techniques. We may utilize a low-reso- lution stabilized platform to control the orientation in a tolerant range, then use geometric rectification technique to get a high-quality remote sensing images. In our project, we just need a comparatively low-resolution one-dimension platform for roll direction, the ground-oriented resolution of pitch direction will be compensated by a high exposure rate. Following a thorough analysis of mechanical characteristics of stabilized platform and the external disturbance in the real world, we chose the proper sensor whose static resolution is 0.1 ？ , actuator（i, e. stepper motor and gear-box）, microcontroller, and proposed an automatic speed-switch mechanism based on PD control . Through Matlab simulation and practical flight experiments, the system has achieved its objective.

关 键 词：航空遥感 稳定平台 POS 自动调速 MATLAB仿真 细分驱动 

分 类 号：V243.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]