不同植物油对奶牛瘤胃液、血浆中脂肪酸及乳脂中共轭亚油酸组成的影响  

Effects of Different Vegetable Oils on Fatty Acids in Ruminal Fluid and Blood Plasma and Milk CLA of Lactating Cows

作　　者：尹福泉[1] 嘎尔迪[2] 刘瑞芳[2] 于磊[2] 卢寿锋 齐智利[4] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学农学院,湛江524088 [2]内蒙古农业大学动物科技学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区家畜改良站,东胜017000 [4]华中农业大学动物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2008年第1期63-68,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30060061)

摘　　要：为改善牛奶脂肪酸构成,提高乳脂中CLA含量,研究瘤胃液、血浆和乳脂中脂肪酸的代谢规律,探寻提高乳品质的合适途径,本试验以3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的经产荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,采用3×3拉丁方设计,研究向日粮中添加不同植物油(即葵花油、亚麻油、菜籽油,3种日粮的粗脂肪含量基本相同)对奶牛瘤胃液、血浆中脂肪酸及乳脂中CLA的影响。结果表明:(1)日粮中添加3种不同植物油,葵花油组、亚麻油组乳脂中的CLA比例均显著高于菜籽油组(P<0.05),且以葵花油组最高;乳脂中PUFA的比例则是亚麻油组显著高于菜籽油组(P<0.05);(2)3组间血浆中C14∶0、C16∶0、C18∶0的比例差异不显著(P>0.05),菜籽油组C18∶1的比例显著高于亚麻油组和葵花油组(P<0.05),而后两组差异不显著(P>0.05),亚麻油组和葵花油组t11-C18∶1的比例与菜籽油组间差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05),亚麻油组和菜籽油组中C18∶2的比例差异显著(P<0.05);(3)采食添加不同植物油日粮后,瘤胃液中各种脂肪酸动态变化的平均值差异不显著(P>0.05)。总的趋势是随着时间的延长,饱和脂肪酸含量逐渐增加,而不饱和脂肪酸含量逐渐减少。瘤胃液中CLA的比例不同时间点均较低。由本研究可知,在优化奶牛乳脂肪酸构成提高CLA含量方面,以葵花油效果最好。Three multiparous Chinese Holstein Lactating Cows with permanent rumen cannula were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design to study the effects of adding different kinds of vegetable oils （sunflower oil, linseed oil and colza oil, with the nearly same fat content in the diets） on fatty acid composition in ruminal fluid, blood plasma and milk fat of lactating cows. The results showed that milk CLA proportion in the Sunflower oil Group and linseed oil Group were significantly higher than that of colza oil Group （P〈0.05）, and milk CLA proportion was the highest in Sunflower oil Group. Milk PUFA proportion in linseed oil Group was significantly higher than that of the colza oil Group （P〈0.05）, while proportions of C14 ： 0, C16 ： 0 and C18 ： 0 in plasma were not significantly different among 3 groups （P〉0.05）. But C18 ： 1 proportion in colza oil Group was significantly higher than that in the linseed oil Group and Sunflower oil Group （P〈0.05）, while no significant difference were found between the latter two groups （P〉0.05）. The proportion of tll-C18 ： 1 of colza oil Group was significantly different from those of the linseed oil Group and Sunflower oil Group （P〈0.05）. And the proportion of C18 ： 2 in the linseed oil Group was significantly different from that in the colza oil Group （P〈0.05）. There was insignificant differences among the average changes for all kinds of fatty acids in ruminal fluid after intaking the diets supplied different vegetable oils （P〉0.05）, but the total trend of the proportion of the saturated fatty acids were gradually increased, and the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids were gradually decreased, the proportion of CLA in ruminal fluid was always low in different times. Sunflower oil was the best in improving the milk CLA and the composition of fatty acid in lactating cows in our experiment.

关 键 词：共轭亚油酸 植物油 瘤胃发酵 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学] TS225.24[农业科学—畜牧兽医]