孕鼠香烟烟雾染毒对胎鼠视杯和视泡上皮细胞凋亡的影响  

Effects of Tobacco Smoke on Apoptosis in the Embryonic Optic Cup and Optic Vesicle Epithelium of Pregnant Golden Hamsters

作　　者：孟旭霞[1] 于向民[2] 李玲[2] 谷方[3] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院附属医院眼科,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛大学医学院组织胚胎学教研室,山东青岛266021 [3]青岛大学医学院解剖教研室,山东青岛266021

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2008年第1期37-40,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:Y9813042)

摘　　要：目的]观察孕鼠香烟烟雾染毒致胎鼠眼畸形的作用及对视杯、视泡上皮细胞和间充质细胞凋亡的影响。[方[法]将怀孕的金黄地鼠随机分为吸烟组和对照组,吸烟组共3组(每组10只动物)分别于孕第6、7、8天开始用香烟烟雾染毒(即A、B、C组);对照组(共15只动物)除无烟熏外,其他条件同吸烟组。分别于染毒第3天时,在体视显微镜和光镜下观察各组鼠胚的发育情况及眼畸形的形态学变化;采用原位末端标记法定量分析金黄地鼠胎鼠视杯、视泡上皮细胞及间充质细胞凋亡的变化。[结果]孕鼠香烟烟雾染毒对胚胎有显著致畸作用,吸烟组总畸形率为40.08%,眼畸形率为10.32%,与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中以孕7天开始染毒组畸形率最高(51.69%)。吸烟组视杯、视泡上皮细胞及间充质细胞的凋亡细胞数明显高于对照组(P<0.05),且以孕7天开始染毒组凋亡细胞计数最高,为(29.1±2.1)个。组织学观察发现,吸烟组胎鼠视杯的发生明显迟于对照组。[结论]香烟烟雾染毒对胚胎有明显眼致畸作用;香烟烟雾可以诱导视杯、视泡上皮细胞及间充质细胞过度凋亡,导致视杯的发生明显延迟,这可能是香烟烟雾染毒致胚胎眼畸形发生的机制之一。[ Objective ] To investigate the eye teratogenic effects of tobacco smoke on embryonic golden hamsters and its relationship with the apoptosis of the embryonic optic cup and optic vesicle epithelium. [ Methods ] The pregnant golden hamsters were randomly divided into the treated group and the control group. The hamsters inhaled tobacco smoke in a self-made inhalation cabin. The animals of the treated group were subdivided into A, B and C groups according to the different embryonic day of beginning to inhale tobacco smoke. The embryonic development and the histological alteration during the teratogenisis of the eye were observed under stereomicroscope and light microscope. Then the quantitative changes of apoptosis in the embryonic optic cup and optic vesicle epithelium in gold hamsters were analyzed using the situ TUNEL technology. [ Results ] The tobacco smoke showed obvious embryonic teratogenic effects on pregnant golden hamsters. The systematic malformation rate and eye malformation rate in the experimental group were 40.08% and 10.32 %, with statistic significance as compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The malformation rate of the treated group B which began to inhale tobacco smoke on embryonic day 7 was the highest. The apoptosis of the embryonic optic cup and optic vesicle epithelium and mesenchymal cell was higher in the treated group than in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and was highest in treated group B. Significant retardation of the formation of the optic vesicle and optic cup was observed in treated groups. [ Conclusion ] Tobacco smoke has embryonic teratogenic effects on pregnant golden hamsters. It can cause excessive apoptosis on the optic vesicle and optic cup, leading to the delayed formation of these structures. Probably these alterations may be partially involved in the mechanism of the tobacco smoke-induced eye malformation.

关 键 词：香烟烟雾 孕鼠 胎鼠 视杯 视泡上皮细胞 细胞凋亡 眼畸形 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] R321.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]