稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对丘陵茶园土壤微生物群落功能的影响  

Effects of mulching and intercropping on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in tea plantations

作　　者：徐华勤[1] 肖润林[1] 宋同清[1] 罗文[2] 任全[2] 黄瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《生物多样性》2008年第2期166-174,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KSCX2-YW-N-48-02);长沙市科技重点项目(K070514-11)

摘　　要：不同的土壤管理方式对土壤的质量有重要影响,而土壤微生物群落功能多样性是反映土壤质量变化的重要指标之一。本研究旨在利用Biolog微孔板鉴定系统研究不同培肥措施下茶园土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化。比较6种处理的结果发现,与NPK肥+清耕(CK)相比,平均吸光值(average well color development,AWCD)的变化速度(斜率)和最大值顺序为:饼肥+PK+间作三叶草>NPK肥+稻草覆盖>饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖>饼肥+PK+清耕>NPK肥+间作三叶草>CK。可见间作三叶草与稻草覆盖不同程度地提高了微生物整体活性和丰富度,其中饼肥+PK+间作三叶草处理处理效果最好。分析多样性指数发现,虽然稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对土壤常见微生物种类影响并不大,但微生物群落均匀度有所降低。对碳源利用主成分起分异作用的主要是糖类和羧酸类物质。Soil management techniques such as mulching and intercropping have important effects on soil quality, and soil microbes are sensitive indicators of soil quality. We investigated the effects of fertilizer treatments on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in tea plantations using the Biolog tech- nique. Six treatments were designed, and the change rates of AWCD （average well color development, slope） ranked as follows： caky fertilizer ＋ intercropping with white clover〉NPK fertilizer ＋ straw mulching〉caky fertilizer＋PK fertilizer＋straw mulching〉caky fertilizer＋PK fertilizer＋tillage〉NPK fertilizer＋intercropping with white clover〉NPK fertilizer＋tillage, indicating that intercropping and organic matter （caky） fertilizer improved the abundance and diversity of soil microbes to a certain extent. Biodiversity indices showed that neither straw mulching nor intercropping with white clover influenced microorganism species composition, but decreased the evenness of microbial communities. Our results also showed that both carbohydrate and carboxylic acid played important roles in the differentiation of carbon sources.

关 键 词：丘陵茶园 BIOLOG 土壤微生物群落 功能多样性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]