长江口九段沙上沙典型潮滩年周期冲淤变化分析  

ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL EROSION-DEPOSITION CHANGES OF THE TIDAL FIAT ALONG UPPER JIUDUANSHA OF THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY

作　　者：李平[1] 陈沈良[1] 谷国传[1] 孙瑛 陈秀芝 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]上海市九段沙国家级湿地自然保护区管理署,上海200135

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2007年第A02期79-84,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：上海市科委重大科技攻关项目（04DZ12049）

摘　　要：根据2006年6月-2007年6月长江口九段沙上沙两固定断面逐月滩面高程测量结果，并结合同期表层悬沙浓度逐日观测资料，对潮滩的短周期冲淤变化过程及其演变特征进行了分析。结果表明：①潮滩具有明显的季节性冲淤循环规律，呈现“洪淤枯冲”的变化特征，其垂直冲淤量与同期提前一周长江大通径流量呈较好相关关系，相关系数达0．61；②“碧利斯”台风导致滩面平均蚀低6．4cm，最大蚀深20．2cm，其侵蚀量占年侵蚀总量近五成；③有人工抛石堤庇护的潮滩相对于自然潮滩，其冲淤变化量值和幅度均较小，而其相对高程与悬沙浓度间的线性相关系数变幅大，表明人工抛石堤具有一定的保滩功能，但其同时也改变了潮滩自然发育演变过程和规律。分析认为：上述潮滩年周期冲淤演变特征是在人为因素影响基础上，暴风浪和流域来水来沙综合作用的体现。Based on the monthly measured intertidal flat data at two profiles along Upper Jiuduansha of the Yangtze River estuary from June 2006 to June 2007, combining with the daily surface suspended sediment concentration at a fixed station, the analysis of the erosion-deposition process and evolution characters over a year period is presented. The results are as follows：①the tidal flat shows the obvious seasonal erosiondeposition cycle, which is ＂deposition in flood season and erosion in dry season＂. All points show significant correlations between tidal flat elevation and runoff at Datong a week earlier with correlation coefficient of 0.61. ②＂Bilis＂ typhoon causes the tidal flat erosion with average erosion 6.4 cm and the maximum of 20.2 cm. The erosion during the typhoon accounts for almost half of the total erosion. ③ The erosion-deposition and rate for the artificial profile is smaller than the natural, while variation of linear regression correlation coefficient between tidal flat vertical relative elevation and suspended sediment concentrations is larger. That artificial riparian-dike has the function of flat-protection, but it alters the nature process and evolution. The annual erosion-deposition characters are combined effects of storm and runoff from the basin on the basis of human factor.

关 键 词：九段沙上沙 潮滩 “碧利斯”台风 人工抛石堤 人为因素 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV148.1