基于无约束系统的结构光三维测量方法  

A Structured Light Thre-Dimensional Measurement Method Based on Unconstrained System Configuration

作　　者：吴迪[1] 吕乃光[2] 欧阳京[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学电子工程学院,北京100876 [2]北京信息科技大学光电信息与通信工程学院,北京100085

出　　处：《光学学报》2008年第3期482-486,共5页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50475176,50675015);北京市自然科学基金/北京市教委科技发展计划重点项目(KZ200511232019);北京市属市管高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PXM2007-014224-044674);北京市教委科技面上项目(KM200611232004);北京市重点实验室(机电系统测控)开放课题(82063011)资助课题

摘　　要：针对传统结构光系统进行三维测量时,要求满足双瞳平行于参考平面和摄像机光轴垂直于参考平面这两个强约束条件,建立了新的系统结构,去除了平行和垂直的约束,摄像机和投影仪位置可自由摆放。基于该无约束系统结构,提出了一种新的系统标定方法,通过重建"投影仪-摄像机-参考平面"三者的空间关系,可以简便而精确地获取传统"高度-相位"公式中参量:双瞳的距离和摄像机到参考平面距离;同时,推导了无约束系统结构下新的物相关系方程和高度计算公式。实物测量结果证明,基于无约束系统的结构光三维测量方法可操作性强,测量精度可达0.1 mm。In the most conventional structured light system, the camera must be perpendicular to the reference plane, and the connecting line between the exit pupil of the projecting system and the entrance pupil of the camera must be parallel to reference plane. Aiming at this problem, an unconstrained system configuration is built up, and the parallel and perpendicular constrained conditions are removed. A camera and a fringe projector consisting of the system can be posed freely depending on the objects and the purpose. Based on aforementioned unconstrained system, a new calibration method is presented. In the method, the spatial relationship of ＂projector-camera-reference plane＂ can be calibrated and reconstructed accurately, and therefore the important parameters—distance of two pupils and distance from camera to reference plane in the conventional structured light system can be obtained easily. Meanwhile, the new phase-height mapping relationship and height calculating formulas corresponding to the unconstrained system are derived. The experimental results prove that this method can obtain a range data in the accuracy of error about O. 1 mm.

关 键 词：约束系统 三维测量 测量方法 结构光 参考平面 传统结构 摄像机 标定方法 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] U491.61[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]