分步加醇脂肪酶催化菜籽油制备乙酯生物柴油  

Preparation of Bio-Diesel Fuel from Rapeseed Oil and Ethanol Catalyzed by Lipase

作　　者：刘志强[1] 李堂[2] 周建红[1] 黄朋[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学生命科学学院,湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学化学化工学院,湘潭411201

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2008年第2期81-84,共4页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：973资助项目(2003CB716004);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(02JJY5001)

摘　　要：研究了脂肪酶催化菜籽油乙醇解反应的几个主要影响因素,即醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间,并研究了正己烷对反应的影响。得出脂肪酶催化菜籽油乙醇解制备生物柴油的最佳反应条件为:醇油摩比5:1、催化剂用量10%、反应温度40℃、反应时间为36 h、正己烷15%。在最佳反应条件下,一次加乙醇时转酯率为86%;采用三步加醇能很好改善催化环境,转酯率达到93%。并利用气相色谱分析了产物中脂肪酸乙酯的组成。The condition factors in ethanolysis reaction, namely the reaction of rapeseed oil with ethanol catalyzed by lipase LVK, to produce bio - diesel were investigated, and the factors included molar ratio of ethanol to oil, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, and so on; the effect of organic solvent and the procedure of ethanol addition were also investigated. The obtained optimal conditions for the ethanolysis of rapeseed oil are molar ratio of ethanol to oil 5 ： 1, catalyst dosage 10%, reaction temperature 40 ℃, amount of n - C6H14 15% and reaction time 36h. Under such conditions the conversion rate of the transesterification reaches 86 % with adding ethanol in one step, while with adding ethanol in three steps the transesterification conversion rate can reach 93 %. In addition, the composition of fat acid ethyl esters was analyzed by gas chromatography.

关 键 词：脂肪酶 菜籽油 三步加醇 正己烷 生物柴油 

分 类 号：TS225.24[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] O643.32[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]