植物-浮床触生藻类对富营养化水体氮磷去除的协同效果  

Synergistic Effects of Plant with Attached-algae on Floating-beds on Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Eutrophic Water

作　　者：胡绵好[1,2] 施练东 朱建坤 奥岩松[2] 向律成[1] 杨肖娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310029 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海201101 [3]绍兴市汤浦水库管理局,浙江绍兴312364

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第3期1090-1097,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：浙江生态省建设重大科技攻关项目(2005C13002);浙江省重大专项(2006C13059)

摘　　要：利用植物浮床系统,通过室内静态模拟试验,研究了在有光、避光条件下,植物与浮床触生藻类协同作用对水体中氮、磷等营养盐的去除效果。结果表明,试验后水体中的藻类减少,但在浮床上的触生藻类增多,且其主要以小球藻(Chlorella.vulgaris)、小球衣藻(Chamydomonas.microsphaera)等绿藻为主。植物和无植物在有光条件下对TN、TP、CODMn、BOD5的去除率比在避光时要高,且植物处理的水体中的TN、TP去除率明显高于无植物(对照)处理。处理20d,植物在有光条件下对TN的去除率达76.8%以上,对TP的去除率在89.9%以上;而在遮光时对TN的去除率最高仅为61.1%,对TP的去除率最高为85.4%。植物在有光条件下对CODMn、BOD5的去除率达94.0%以上,而在遮光时对CODMn、BOD5的去除率最高为89.5%。有植物和无植物在有光、遮光条件下处理,水体中的NH4-N、NO3-N、NO2-N,DP,Chla的浓度均随处理时间的延长而降低,且有光处理下,NH4-N、NO2-N、DP浓度下降明显低于比在遮光下和对照处理。然而,DO浓度变化则相反,即随着处理时间的延长而升高,且在有光条件下的比在遮光下和对照处理要高。本试验结果还表明,遮光条件下,水芹和豆瓣菜地上部分N的净积累量分别为0.5908和0.3675mg·plant-1(DW)·d-1,P的净积累量分别为0.1530和0.0665mg·plant-1(DW)·d-1;而无光条件下,水芹和豆瓣菜地上部分N的净积累量为0.2566和0.1162mg·plant-1(DW)·d-1,P的净积累量为0.0548和0.0181mg·plant-1(DW)·d-1。本试验结果为富营养化水体氮、磷等营养盐去除机理的研究提供重要的科学依据。Removal efficiencies for nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic water by the synergistic effects of plant with periphyte on floating-beds were investigated under light and non-light conditions using floating culture system in the greenhouse. The results showed that the amount of green algae in the water body decreased, but the periphytes on floating beds increased with treatment of growing plants （cress and watercress） under light or without light conditions for 20 days. The dominant periphyte species were Chlorellcavulgaris and Chamydomonas. Microsphaera at the end of the experiment. The removal rate of TN, TP, CODMr, BOD5 under light were higher than that without light either in planted or unplanted （CK） conditions, and higher removal rates for TN and TP were noted in planted treatment than in unplanted treatment. After 20 days treatment, removal rates of TN and TP were above 76.8%, 89.9%, respectively, with plant treatment under light, they were only 61.1%, 85.4%, respectively, for the treatments without light. Removal rates of CODMr and BOD5 were above 94.0% with plant treatment under light, whereas they were only 89.5% without light. The concentrations of NH4-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, DP and Chla in the eutrophic water bodies decreased with increasing treatment time in all treatments, whereas the reduction of NH4-N, NO3-N, DP and Chla concentrations with plant under light were markedly greater than those without light. However, the change of DO concentration was reverse, namely, its concentration increased with increasing treatment time, and higher DO concentration in the planted treatment under light was noted as compared to those of the control and without light treatment. The results also indicated that the nitrogen accumulation in the shoots of cress and watercress without light treatment were 0.590 8 and 0.367 5 mg ·plant（DW）^-1·d^-1, and phosphorus accumulation were 0.153 0 and 0.066 5 mg ·plant（DW）^-1·d^-1, respectively. While the nitrogen accumulation were 0.256 6 and 0.116 2mg ·plant（D

关 键 词：富营养化水体 植物 水芹 豆瓣菜 藻类 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X524