关于静电场能量的教学探讨  

An inquiry of the teaching of electrostatic field energy

作　　者：韦芙芽[1] 叶爱华[1] 张小林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学电子信息工程学院,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《桂林电子科技大学学报》2008年第2期127-130,共4页Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology

摘　　要：静电场能量是静电场的重要特征,也是电磁场理论中的一个基本概念。关于电场能量的概念和公式繁多,它们既互相联系又有区别,使得学生难以理解。若从电场力作功与能量守恒定律出发,容易得到点电荷系统和分布电荷的静电能的场源表示形式,再经过严格的数学推导得到静电能以能量密度表示形式。实践证明,这样既揭示了各种电荷体系的"静电能"和静电场"能量密度"的物理本质以及"自能"、"互能"的概念,又使学生易于理解与接受,取得良好的教学效果,同时培养学生的逻辑推理和抽象思维能力。Electrostatic field energy is an outstanding characteristic of the electrostatic field and a basic concept of electromagnetic theory. There are so many concepts and formulas of electrostatic field energy that it is difficult for students to command. However, if starting with the electrostatic force and the energy conservation law, the expressions of electrostatic field energy in source charge for point charge system and the distribution of the charge system will be easy to understand. The expression of electrostatic field energy in energy density is given after rigorous deduction. Practice has proved that this approach can facilitate the elucidation of the physical inbeing of the electrostatic field energy and its density and the concept of self-energy and mutual energy. At the same time, in this approach it is easy for the students to understand and to foster their ability of reasoning and abstract thinking.

关 键 词：静电能 能量密度 自能 互能 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]