预警和呈现时间对错误再认和错误回忆的影响  

The Effects of Warning and Presentation Duration on False Recognition and False Recall

作　　者：周楚[1] 杨治良[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学心理学系,上海200433 [2]华东师范大学心理学系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学》2008年第3期546-552,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号30700231);上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(批准号2007EJY001);复旦大学文科科研推进计划“金苗”项目(批准号06JM024)

摘　　要：采用DRM范式,通过两个实验探讨了学习阶段的预警和词表呈现时间对错误再认与错误回忆的影响异同以及其发生作用的可能条件。采用视觉-视觉通道的学习-测验模式,实验1使用再认测验,结果发现呈现时间对错误再认不存在影响,而预警提示有效地降低了错误再认;实验2使用回忆测验,依然没有发现呈现时间对错误回忆的影响效应,预警的效应也消失。以上结果表明:(1)预警对错误回忆的影响受到编码时呈现通道的影响,视觉编码条件下预警效果甚微,而错误再认则无此通道效应;(2)呈现时间的较大变化可同时促进激活与监测过程,错误记忆效应的大小是激活与监测双加工过程此消彼长的交互作用结果。Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott （DRM） paradigm, the different effects of warning and presentation duration on false recognition and false recall were examined. We used the visual presentation of lists of words and visual tests in both experiments. In Experiment 1, a recognition test was conducted. Effective warning reduced the false recognition of critical lures, but the effect of presentation duration was not significant. In experiment 2, a recall test was conducted. Both warning and presentation duration had no effect on false recall. The results indicated that the effect of warning on false recall was affected by presentation modality, and the wide range of presentation duration would simultaneously facilitate the activation process and monitoring process.

关 键 词：错误再认 错误回忆 DRM范式 预警 呈现时间 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]