从人口、资源与环境的视点看中美食品贸易  

Sino-US Food Trade Relationship Basing on Population, Resources and Environment

作　　者：高健[1] 郭淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学经济管理学院,上海200090

出　　处：《生态经济（学术版）》2008年第1期362-365,共4页Ecological Economy

基　　金：上海市重点学科(第二期)渔业经济管理专项基金资助(编号:T1103)

摘　　要：食品贸易不仅仅是保障各国食品安全,利用不同国家比较优势获得经济利益的经济活动,也是与人类健康与安全、生态环境保护和生物资源可持续利用紧密相关的一个全球性社会问题。本文从人口、资源与环境的视点,利用国际贸易的比较优势理论分析了中美食品贸易的意义,得出以下主要结论:首先,应充分利用中国的人力资源成本优势和美国的机械费用优势,发展食品贸易,提高两国人民的福利;其次,为老龄人提供营养丰富的健康食品应成为中美食品贸易发展的机会之一;再次,应充分发挥两国的自然资源禀赋优势,发展食品贸易;最后,中国将成为美国食品贸易的巨大市场,但两国间对食品质量问题有较大的认识差距,因此应在食品贸易的过程中,不断培育绿色食品理念,加强政府间交流与沟通,构建食品安全控制机制。Food trade is not only economic activities concerned with the food safety, but also a global social problem concerning with human health, protection of ecological environment and sustainable using of bio-resources. The paper analyses the meaning of Sino-US trade using the comparative predominance theory of international trade on the base of population, bio-resources and environment and have some conclusions as fellow. First, both countries should develop their food trade according to their comparative predominance and improve welfare of their people. The comparative predominance in China is human resources cost and predominance of machine cost in US. Secondly, it is a good chances for both countries to develop food industry for providing the nutritional and health food for aged people. Third, both countries should utilize their predominance of nature resources gift for developing their food trade. Fourth, China will become the largest consumption market and the perspective on food quality of both countries is quite different which will infect the food trade between two countries. Thus, both countries should enhance the communication between their governments for cultivating idea of green food and building the controlling-mechanism of food safety together.

关 键 词：人口 资源与环境 食品 中美贸易 

分 类 号：F407.1.713[经济管理—产业经济] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]