汉语阅读障碍儿童的视空间即时加工能力研究  

Recognition and Processing in Chinese Reading Disorder Children:An Eye-Movement Study

作　　者：李秀红[1] 静进[1] 邹小兵[2] 黄旭[1] 王庆雄[1] 陈学彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼系中山大学预防医学研究所,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学附属三院儿科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第6期488-489,491,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30671771);广东省医学科研基金项目(编号:A2006168)

摘　　要：目的探明汉语阅读障碍(RD)儿童图画知觉过程的视觉即时加工特点,为相关理论的完善和针对性矫治方法的建立提供依据。方法采用眼动仪,分别记录19例汉语阅读障碍儿童对3幅风景图画知觉过程的眼动数据,分析关于注视和眼跳相应的7项眼动指标。结果3幅图画的结果比较,首次注视时间、平均注视时间、平均眼跳幅度、眼跳距离差异均有统计学意义。其中图2的首次注视时间最长,平均注视时间、平均眼跳幅度和眼跳距离最短;图3的首次注视时间最短,平均眼跳幅度和眼跳距离最长。RD组儿童的平均眼跳幅度(F=6.27,P=0.02)和眼跳距离(F=5.62,P=0.02)明显短于正常儿童。结论图画材料本身特点会显著影响儿童视空间即时加工能力。汉语RD儿童的视空间即时加工能力存在眼跳幅度小和眼跳距离短的特点。Objective To explore the eye-movement characters and the visual cognitive processing traits in Chinese children with reading disorder （RD） during apperceiving pictures, in order to offer reference and evidence for diagnosis and therapy. Methods By use of Eye-Link Ⅱ High Speed Eye Tracker, series data of eye-movement in 19 RD children （luring apperceiving pictures were recorded, and then the relative 7 parameters of eye-movements were analyzed. Results Four indexes （ first fixation duration, average fixation duration, average saceade amplitude, saceade distance） of the parameters for the three pictures were found significantly different （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In picture 2, the first fixation duration was the longest, while the average fixation duration, the average saccade amplitude and saccade distance were the shortest. In picture 3, the first fixation duration was the shortest, while the average saccade amplitude and saccade distance were the longest. The average saccade amplitude（F = 6.27, P = 0.02） and saccade distance （ F = 5.62 ,P = 0.02 ） were significantly lower in RD group than those in control group. There was no difference in other indexes be. tween them. Conclusion Characters of the pictures can significantly influence the visual cognitive preeessing capability in Chinese children. Especially the Chinese RD children are weak in the visual cognitive processing.

关 键 词：阅读障碍 视力试验 对比研究 儿童 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学] R179[哲学宗教—心理学]