儿童气质与多巴胺D4受体基因(DRD4)基因多态性的相关性研究  

Association of the functional polymorphism of the dopamine D4 receptor gene with temperament from infancy to middle childhood

作　　者：关宏岩[1] 戴耀华[1] 刘吉荣 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所儿童早期综合发展研究室,北京100020 [2]得克萨斯州立大学生物实验中心

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2008年第3期304-307,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：【目的】通过对儿童气质进行纵向追踪研究,了解多巴胺D4受体基因(DRD4)多态性与儿童气质特征间的联系。【方法】追踪87例儿童,分别在婴儿期、学前期和学龄期进行气质测评,并采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)判断DRD4基因多态性。【结果】①DRD4等位基因分布频率中,最常见的是等位基因4次重复,占86.9%;其次为等位基因2次重复,占10.3%。②婴儿期的气质"反应强度"与DRD4受体基因多态性具有显著相关性,具有长重复序列(D4.4和D4.5)个体的"反应强度"得分显著高于携带短重复序列(D4.2和D4.3)的个体(婴儿期D4.4:3.67±0.50,D4.2:3.44±0.45,P=0.048);未发现其它气质特征与DRD4基因多态性之间的显著联系(P>0.05)。【结论】多巴胺D4受体基因多态性可能与婴儿期"反应强度"的遗传有关,携带DRD4长重复序列的个体可能更容易出现婴儿期易激惹、适应性差的气质特征。[Objective] To investigate the association of the functional polymorphism of the dopamine D4 receptor gene（DRD4） with temperament from infancy to middle childhood. [Methods] Temperament was evaluated at 8 months in infancy,4 years old in preschool years and 7 years old in early school years with the Chinese version of Carey Temperament Questionnaire in our follow-up study since 1995.Genomic DNA was extracted and the functional polymorphism of DRD4 was identified by PCR. [Results] ①The allele frequency of the polymorphism of DRD4 in Chinese children was that D4.4：86.9%,D4.2：10.3%,D4.3：1.4%,D4.5：1.4%.②There were higher scores of ＂intensity＂ in infancy with long allele（D4.4） than those with short allele（D4.2）（P〈0.05）. [Conclusions] In spite of the difference of gene polymorphism in eastern and western people,similar results were still found in Chinese children.DRD4 polymorphism might be related with ＂intensity＂ of temperamental trait in infancy.

关 键 词：气质 遗传 多态性 多巴胺D4受体基因 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]