酶法催化蓖麻油生产生物柴油的研究  

Primary Study on Producing Biodiesel with Castor Oil by Enzymatic Catalysis

作　　者：高利飞[1] 王昌禄[1] 陈勉华[1] 刘小改[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品工程与生物技术学院天津市食品营养与安全重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第16期6950-6952,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]优化酶法催化蓖麻油生产生物柴油的条件。[方法]从种植蓖麻试验地土壤中分离出1株脂肪酶产生菌(Pseudomonassp.)H-4,以其发酵液制备的固定化酶为催化剂,催化蓖麻油与甲醇转酯化生产生物柴油,研究该酶的转酯能力。[结果]薄层检测和气相色谱检测表明,该脂肪酶具有催化蓖麻油与甲醇发生酯交换反应制备蓖麻油酸甲酯的功能。随着反应时间的延长,酯交换率不断升高。甲醇分3次加入,酯交换率最高(78%)。反应温度40℃,酯交换率最高(81%)。酶添加量0.6 g,酯交换率最高(85%)。[结论]在醇油摩尔比3∶1,甲醇分3次加入,固定化酶添加量0.6 g,反应温度40℃,150 r/min条件下反应10 h,油脂的酯交换率达85%。[Objective] The purpose was to optimize the condition of producing biodlesel with castor oil by enzymatic catalysis. [Method] H-4, a strain of Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from the soil planted castor. With immobilized enzyme prepared from the fermentation broth of H-4 as catalyzer, the transesterification of castor oil and methyl alcohol was catalyzed to produce biodiesel so as to study its transesterification ability, [ Result] TLC and GC detections showed that the lipase had function of catalyzing transosterification reaction of castor oil and methyl alcohol to produce ricinolein acid-methyl ester. The ester exchanging rate increased continually along with the prolonging of reaction time. When methyl alcohol was added separately for 3 times, the ester exchanging rate was 78%. When the reaction temperature was 40 ℃, the ester exchanging rate was 81%. When the enzyme addition was 0.6 g, the ester exchanging rate was 85%. [ Conclusion] Under the reaction condition with the mole ratio of alcohol to oil being 3 ： 1, adding methyl alcohol separately for 3 times with interval of 3 h and 0.6 g immobilized enzyme, reacting at 40 ℃ and 150 r/min, the ester exchanging rate of the oil reached 85%.

关 键 词：生物柴油 蓖麻油 甲醇 脂肪酶 催化剂 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]