颧骨几项非测量性状的研究  

Research of Nonmetric Characters of ZMC Region in Modern Human Skulls.

作　　者：张清彬[1] 东耀峻[2] 杜昌连[3] 李祖兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科,河北石家庄050017 [2]武汉大学口腔医学院颌面外科 [3]武汉大学医学院解剖研究室

出　　处：《口腔医学研究》2008年第3期329-331,共3页Journal of Oral Science Research

摘　　要：目的：描述中国汉族人群现代人头骨颧骨复合体区的非测量性状的特征。方法：利用人类学观察方法，对108副颅骨样本的颧结节、颧弓上缘形态、颧骨额突上下角进行人类学研究。结果：颧骨外形高点多表现为颧结节，出现率约为80．5％。男性颧结节出现率略高于女性；颧弓上缘形态男性和女性多表现为直线型，出现率约为46．8％，上凸型约占38．5％，下凹型最少，约占14．7％，性别差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；颧骨额突上角大多数是钝角，约占72％；其次直线型，约占14．4％；最少是锐角，约占13．6％；颧骨额突下角大多数是钝角，约占52．3％；其次是锐角，约占30％；最少的是直角，约占17．7％。结论：颧结节在水平方向上位于颧骨的中点，在垂直方向上位于眶下缘中外1／3交接处下方约1．5-2．0cm处，大约在颧骨的下1／3处，即颧骨的最突出的部位在颧骨垂直长轴的中下1／3交界处。颧弓上缘形态的分型对颧弓骨折复位有参考价值，尤其对颧弓粉碎性骨折；颧骨额突下角的大小，可作为术中颧骨骨折复位的参考，防止手术出现误诊和误治。Objective： To study the non-metric characters of zygomatic complex. Methods： 108 dry skulls were used in our study and analysed by anthropological observation. Results： The highest profile of zygoma appeared as zygomatic tubcle. The occurred frequency of zygomatic tubcle in male skull was higher than female ones. The marginal process was always obtuse angle and the shape of upper border of zygomatic arch was linear. Conclusion ： The zygomatic tubcle lies in the mid-point of zygoma. The classification of upper border shape of zygomatic arch and the marginal process may be helpful in the reduction of mistreatment of communited fracture and zygomatic plastical surgery.

关 键 词：头骨 颧骨复合体 人类学观察 非测量性状 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]