天然改性淀粉絮凝剂的合成与应用  

APPLICATION AND DEVELOPING OF NATURAL MODIFIED STARCH FLOCCULENT

作　　者：降林华[1] 朱书全[1] 邹立壮[1] 徐初阳[2] 刘权[1] 郭相坤[1] 王世兵[1] 谢修平[1] 赵建兵[1] 宋金梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]安徽理工大学材料科学与工程系,淮南232001

出　　处：《环境化学》2008年第4期449-453,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家教育部博士点基金(20060290001);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(2002kj284ZD)资助项目

摘　　要：以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,通过接枝共聚反应,在淀粉(Starch)骨架上引入丙烯酰胺(AM),制得St-AM接枝物.在引发剂用量为1.1mmol·l-1,淀粉与单体质量配比为1∶3,25℃下反应3h,接枝物黏度可达587.83ml·g-1,能使煤泥水中的细泥颗粒形成较大的絮团而快速沉降,固液分离效果好.用合成的絮凝剂进行了水处理试验,结果表明,当接枝物用量为50g·t-1干煤泥,辅以凝聚剂用量1.5kg·t-1干煤泥能有效解决选煤厂煤泥水中细粒含量多、压滤处理困难的问题,滤饼水分可控制在25%,滤液浓度在60g·l-1左右,与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对煤泥水和高岭土悬浮体絮凝作用相比,该接枝共聚物具有价廉、无毒、絮凝效果好等特点.Using Ce^4＋ as initiator, St-AM was prepared by grafting acryl amide onto starch. The viscosity reached as as 587. 83ml · g^-1 under the following condition： [ initiator] = 1.1mmol ·1^-1 , [ starch] = 35g·1^-1, [AM] = 1.48 mol·1^-1, [temperature] = 25℃, [time] = 3h. , the grafts can cause fine coal coagulating and settling, obtaining the purpose of separation of solid from liquid. Used to do the experiment of water treatment, the results show it can effective resolve the problem of high content of fine coal in coal slurry and the difficulty in handing pressure filtration by using 50g · t^-1of graft polymer and 1.5kg · t^-1 of coagulating agent in dry coal slurry, moisture of filter cake is about 25%, concentration of clarified liquid is about 60 g · l^-1 grafted , contrasting with PAM, the transmittance of flocculating results for coal slurry and kaolin show： the polymers have the advantage of cheapness, non-toxicity and good flocculation.

关 键 词：絮凝剂 改性淀粉 水处理 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]