内隐学习在武术教学中的应用  

Application of subconscious learning in Wushu teaching

作　　者：陈庆合[1] 郑永成[1] 张红[1] 岳志荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院体育系,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《体育学刊》2008年第8期72-75,共4页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十一五"规划(教育科学)项目(BJA060049)

摘　　要：中华武术是具有传统民族特色的难美类体育项目,她具有深厚的文化底蕴、鲜明的东方运动风格特点、复杂的技术动作结构、富有哲理的攻防技击特色。武术的这些特征为其教学带来很大的难度。内隐学习是在刺激结构高度复杂、关键信息较为隐蔽、不可能有意识解决的条件下发生的,具有突发性特点的,学习者能在瞬间依靠直觉、领悟、灵感等方式解决问题和抽象概括出事物中隐含的底层规则。提高武术教学效果的内隐学习的策略有:用录像教学提高感性认识;重视武术基本功和典型动作教学;加强基础武术理论和民族传统文化的教学;加强动作用法和武术实用技法的教学;创设丰富多样的练习环境和方法;练习要做到"拳不离手"。Chinese Wushu is a traditional sports event of difficulty and beauty with national characteristics, provided with profound cultural and theoretical connotations, vivid characteristics of oriental sports style, a complicated technical move structure, as well as offense and defense martial art characteristics full of philosophical senses. These characteristics of Wushu have brought great difficulty to Wushu teaching. Subconscious learning happens under the conditions that the stimulation structure is high complicated and key information is relatively hidden and impossible to be processed consciously, having the characteristic of paroxysm, in which the learner can instantly solve problems as well as abstract and generalize implicit fundamental rules. Strategies for subconscious learning that enhances Wushu teaching effects include the followings： utilize video teaching to sharpen perceptual knowledge; value the teaching of basic and typical Wushu moves; strengthen the teaching of basic Wushu theories and traditional national culture; strengthen the teaching of move application methods and practical Wushu techniques; establish various environments and methods for practice; keep boxing in practice.

关 键 词：武术 内隐学习理论 教学方法 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]