食物消费结构等生活因素对营养相关疾病影响的研究  

Studies on the Influence of Dietary Structure on Human Certain Diet-related Diseases

作　　者：胥占忠[1] 林敬德 刘军[1] 项硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省徐州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏徐州221006

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2008年第19期128-131,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解食物消费结构对健康特别是营养相关疾病的影响。方法追踪徐州市居民十年的食物消费结构变化,与理想膳食模式比较;并于2000～2001年随机抽样调查35岁常住居民41786人,进行健康状况和营养相关疾病流行病学调查,用SPSS软件包进行Logistic回归分析。结果徐州市居民食物消费结构评价发现,热能和主要营养素基本满足要求,奶类、豆类、水产、蔬菜、水果偏少,而猪肉、油脂类偏高;营养相关疾病患病率除糖尿病患病低外均较全国水平高;年龄、家族史、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖对高血压、脑卒中、糖尿病、支气管哮喘、慢性支气管炎有促进作用,而常吃水果、体育活动有保护作用。结论运用食品价格和食物补贴等杠杆可调控食物消费结构,使之趋于合理,宣传营养保健知识,开展营养健康等生活方式的社区干预,预防控制慢性疾病发生、发展。Objective To study the influence of dietary structure on human health and certain diet-related diseases. Methods This paper tracks the dietary structure changes of Xuzhou residents over a ten-year period, and compares them with standard dietary models. From 2000 to 2001 ,a health and diet-related disease investigation was carried out on 41786 randomly selected Xuzhou residents 35 years of age. The results were subjected to logistic regression analyses using the SPSS software package. Results Assessments on the dietary structures of Xuzhou residents showed that caloric and other principle nutritional requirements are satisfied. Xuzhou residents＇ diet is low in dairy products, legumes,seafood,vegetables,fruits and high in meat,oils and fats. The prevalence of diet-related diseases and conditions among Xuzhou residents is higher than national average levels with the exception of diabetes. Age, family history, smoking, drinking and obesity form the main risk factors of hypertension, stroke, diabetes, bronchitic asthma and chronic bronchitis, while fruits and physical activities offer protection against these diseases. Conclusion Improvements to existing dietary structures through leveraging controls such as food prices and stipends should be undertaken. Community-based programs aimed at raising public awareness on healthy eating habits and lifestyles and their roles in the prevention of various diet-relatod chronic diseases should be rigorously pursued .

关 键 词：营养 食物消费结构 LOGISTIC回归分析 疾病 

分 类 号：R591[医药卫生—内科学]