生态系统碳通量估算中耦合涡度协方差与遥感技术研究进展  

On the Coupling between Eddy Covariance and Remote Sensing Techniques in Ecosystem Carbon Flux Estimation

作　　者：严燕儿[1] 赵斌[1] 郭海强[1] 吴千红[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2008年第8期884-894,共11页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目"湿地系统水生态功能退化及修复机理"(编号:2006CB403305);教育部2006年新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目"人为干扰和自然过程对长江河口湿地生态系统碳通量的影响"(编号:NCET-06-0364)资助

摘　　要：陆地生态系统CO2和水热通量的长期观测研究一直是国际上关注的热点问题。截止目前,利用微气象学原理的涡度协方差技术是唯一能直接测定生物圈与大气间物质与能量通量的标准方法,成为国际通量观测网络的主要技术。但是涡度协方差技术的测定仍然是一种小尺度观测方法,其观测结果难于直接外推到更大尺度。同时,缺乏区域、跨尺度生态系统及其时空动态观测数据一直是限制碳循环研究的主要障碍,而遥感技术的发展可望在不远的将来使大尺度、高分辨生态系统变化的长期定量观测成为可能。这些问题在当今集中体现在如何建立通量—遥感的跨尺度观测体系,并有效地将有限的通量站点测量数据与大尺度遥感资料以及生态模型有机地结合。总结过去耦合涡度协方差技术与遥感技术的工作,主要在以下3个层面展开:①涡度协方差技术与遥感技术对碳通量估算的相互验证;②涡度协方差技术为遥感反演提供地面参数;③遥感观测解译辅助分析通量贡献区(footprint)。集中在这3个方面进行探讨,通过总结各方面的研究特点与进展,可望为未来在这个领域开展工作理顺思路。Long term observation and research on carbon, water and heat fluxes of terrestrial ecosystem has been the global hotspot. To date, micrometeorology approach based on eddy covariance technique has been regarded as the only direct measurement of material and energy fluxes between atmosphere and biosphere, and has been the key technology of the international flux network. However, eddy covariance technique is a small scale observation method, and the results acquired from the method are difficult to directly scale up to larger scales. Moreover, the lack of observation data from regional, cross-scale ecosystems and their temporal-spatial dynamic remains an important issue limiting the progress of carbon cycle researches. With the development of remote sensing technology, it is possible to make the long term quantitative observation in large scale and high resolution ecosystems in the near future. These problems currently focus on how to establish the cross-scale observation system coupling carbon flux and remote sensing techniques, and how to link limited observation of carbon flux stations to large scale remotely sensed data and ecological models. The past works on coupling eddy covariance technique and remote sensing technology are summarized. The following three aspects were focused： ①Cross validation on the carbon flux estimation between eddy covariance and remote sensing technology; ②Eddy covariance provides ground parameters for remote sensing inversion; ③Remote sensing based eddy footprint analysis. Through discussion on these aspects and summary about their features and progress, it helps to sort out the ideas toward future work in this field.

关 键 词：碳通量 涡度协方差 MODIS 生态模型 贡献区分析 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]