中学生合作行为的影响因素的实验研究  

WHAT AFFECT THE COOPERATION BEHAVIOR

作　　者：李燕[1] 曹子方[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育管理系,200234

出　　处：《心理科学》1997年第3期230-234,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：用囚犯两难游戏和懦夫游戏作实验材料，采用L16（215）正交实验设计，对64名初二、高二学生在不同实验情境中的合作行为反应策略进行了研究。结果表明，被试对交流的预期、交流的进行、被试对对手社会地位的评估、以及被试所面临的游戏矩阵和被试自身的年龄特点都影响被试对对手的表征，进而影响被试游戏行为的决策过程和合作行为的反应倾向。研究结果支持社会表征理论，为创设有利于合作的人际互动情境提供一定的理论依据。Cooperation is a typical pro—social behavior.Based on discussing the history of cooperation research,this thesis advocates the theory of representation and aimes at testifying such a theory. 64 boys and girls aged 14 to l7 were involved in either Prisoner's Dilemma Game or Chicken Game for 18 trials under one of four communication—partner conditions. Theresearch results suggested: Anticipatedopportunity to communication enhancedinitial cooperativeness in the PDG situation. The representation of a teacherpartner favoured the establishment ofcooperative interaction;the representation of a student partner led to defensive behavior. In addition,the subject's age, sex and the matrix faced also affected his or her representation system, and these in turn affected thebehavior of the subject. All these suggested that the representation of the subject had existed before the actual interaction began. Under the communication condition, the increase in cooperation behavior could be seen only in those who were willing to use the communication opportunity positively.

关 键 词：合作行为 表征 矩阵游戏 教育测量 中学生 

分 类 号：G449[哲学宗教—心理学]