超常与常态儿童的兴趣、动机与创造性思维的比较研究  

INTEREST, MOTIVATION AND CREATIVE THINKING OFSUPERNORMAL AND NORMAL CHILDREN

作　　者：施建农[1] 徐凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所人类行为与发展实验室

出　　处：《心理学报》1997年第3期271-277,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：在超常儿童研究领域存在着许多争议的问题，超常儿童的智力与创造力的关系问题就是其中的一个。为了更好地解释超常儿童的创造力与智力的本质关系，我们曾提出了“创造性系统模型”。本研究的主要目的是进一步证实模型提出的假设。本研究以超常和常态儿童为被试对儿童的兴趣、动机与创造性思维的关系作了进一步的考察。结果发现：（１）超常儿童的图形、数字和实用创造性思维的流畅性和独创性成绩都明显高于常态儿童；（２）超常和常态儿童的创造性思维与兴趣、动机之间存在显著的相关；（３）兴趣和动机得分较高的被拭的创造性思维得分显著高于兴趣和动机得分较低的被试；（４）超常儿童中有相当部分处于低兴趣和低动机水平，而常态儿童中却有相当部分处于高兴趣和高动机水平。因此。In the field of research on creativity, the relationship between children's creativity and intelligence is one of the most arguable problems. In order to explain the relationship between creativity and intelligence, we developed a system model of creativity previously. In this paper parts of the hypothesis of the model Were tested. The correlation coefficient between creative thinking and one's interest and motivation were detected. The results showed, (1) the performances of intellectually gifted children on geometric, numeric and practical tests of creativity were significantly higher than the normal intellectual children; (2) there existed significant correlation coefficient between gifted children's creative thinking and their interest and motivation, (r=27- 76, p<05-001); (3) there existed significant correlation between the normal children,s creative thinking and their interest and motivation, too, (r =24-71, p < 05- 001 ; (4) the performance of creative thinking of the subjects with high scores of interest and motivation was higher than the subjects with low scores of interest and motivation. These results supported the hypotheses of the system model of creativity.

关 键 词：超常儿童 兴趣 动机 创造性思维 儿童心理学 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.1