贝氏体车轮钢性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Bainite Wheel Steel

作　　者：付秀琴[1] 张斌[1] 张弘[1] 张明如[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司技术中心,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2008年第5期83-86,共4页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2002J042)

摘　　要：针对铁路车轮使用中存在的剥离问题,对新研制的贝氏体车轮钢进行检验。力学性能检测结果说明,与普通CL60车轮钢相比,新型贝氏体车轮钢的强度提高13%,塑性变形能力提高23%,冲击韧性提高2-3倍;通过金相组织观察、SEM断口分析、X射线衍射组织测定和TEM分析得出：新型贝氏体车轮钢为细而均匀的贝氏体＋铁素体＋少量粒状贝氏体组织,冲击断口具有典型的韧性断裂特征,钢中残余奥氏体含量为12%,显微组织主要由条状铁素体组成,未见碳化物析出相,为无碳化物贝氏体组织。分析结果表明：新型贝氏体车轮钢能显著提高车轮的抗剥离性能,具有更高的运用安全性。A type of bainite wheel steel has been recently developed to resolve the spalling problem of wheels. The mechanical property, metallurgical structure, fracture and structural constituent of the bainite steel were tested. The test result of mechanical property indicates that compared with the ordinary CL60 wheel steel, the strength of the new bainite wheel steel is 13% higher, the plastic deformation capacity is 23% higher and the impact ductility is 2-3 times higher. Conclusions are drawn from the metallurgical structure observation, SEM fracture analysis, X-ray diffraction test and TEM analysis. The structure of new bainite wheel steel was thin and uniform bainite＋ferrite＋little granular bainite. The impact fracture featured with typical toughness fracture. The residual austenite content in this new bainite wheel steel was 12%. The microstructure of bainite was mainly composed of ferrite band without carbide, which meant that the bainite of the steel was non-carbide bainite. Analysis results show that the new bainite wheel steel can remarkably improve the anti-spalling performance of wheels, thus it will serve railway more safely.

关 键 词：车轮钢 贝氏体钢 性能分析 显微组织 

分 类 号：U260.331.1[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.41[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]