多色荧光原位杂交应用于食管鳞状细胞癌早期诊断的探讨  

Application of Multicolor Fluorescence In situ Hybridization to Early Diagnosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

作　　者：姚汉清[1,2] 贺舜[1] 吴玉鹏[2] 王小春[2] 韩亚玲[2] 徐昕[2] 蔡岩[2] 王贵齐[1] 王明荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所内镜科,北京100021 [2]中国医学科学院肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所分子肿瘤学国家重点实验室,北京100021

出　　处：《癌症》2008年第11期1137-1143,共7页Chinese Journal of Cancer

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.30630067);北京市科技计划重大专项(No.D0905001040331);2007~2009年度卫生部部属(管)医院临床学科重点项目~~

摘　　要：背景与目的:染色体畸变检测已被用作一些癌症的诊断指标,但食管癌迄今尚无染色体水平的标志。本研究旨在分析食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC)及其癌前病变部分染色体畸变情况,探讨多色荧光原位杂交技术(multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization,M-FISH)辅助ESCC早期诊断及癌前病变风险预警的可行性。方法:选取文献报道最常发生改变的3、8、10、12、17和20号染色体,用其特异性着丝粒探针,采用M-FISH对来自113个病例的124份食管病变组织间期细胞核进行分析,统计各染色体的畸变情况,并分析其与ESCC染色体增加(增益)与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果:3、8、10、12、17和20号染色体在ESCC中增益畸变率分别为80.9%(93/115)、81.0%(94/116)、70.5%(79/112)、75.9%(85/112)、68.7%(79/115)和82.8%(48/58),与各项临床参数之间的相关性均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。同时,6个染色体在ESCC癌前病变中的增益畸变率分别为62.5%(5/8)、75.0%(6/8)、62.5%(5/8)、87.5%(7/8)、87.5%(7/8)和100%(3/3);在早期ESCC的增益畸变率分别为80.0%(12/15)、93.8%(15/16)、71.4%(10/14)、64.3%(9/14)、75.0%(12/16)和63.6%(7/11)。结论:3、8、10、12、17及20号染色体在ESCC及其癌前病变组织中均存在较高的染色体数目畸变率;M-FISH检测有助于早期诊断ESCC,并可能作为ESCC癌变风险预警的一种方法。BACKGROUND ＆ OBJECTIVE： Detection of chromosome aberrations has been applied to diagnose some tumors. However, there are no chromosomal markers for the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma so far. This study was to analyze aberrations of some chromosomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） and its premalignant lesions, thus to explore the application of multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization （MFISH） for the early diagnosis and risk prediction of precursor lesions of ESCC. METHODS. Aberration statuses of chromosomes 3, 8, 10, 12, 17 and 20 were investigated in 124 esophageal tissue samples from 113 patients using M-FISH with chromosome-specific centromere DNA probes. The relationship between chromosome gains and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. RESULTS： Copy number gains on chromosomes 3, 8, 10, 12, 17 and 20 in ESCC were 80.9% （93/115）, 81.0% （94/116）, 70.5% （79/112）, 75.9% （85/112）, 68.7% （79/115） and 82.8% （48/58）, respectively. No statistical relations were found between chromosome aberrations and clinicopathologic parameters （P〉0.05）. Polysomy rates of the six chromosomes in precursor lesions were 62.5% （5/8）, 75.0% （6/8）, 62.5% （5/8）, 87.5% （7/8）, 87.5% （7/8） and 100% （3/3）; while those in early-stage ESCC were 80.0% （12/15）, 93.8% （15/16）, 71.4% （10/14）, 64.3% （9/14）, 75.0% （12/16） and 63.6% （7/11）. CONCLUSIONS. Positive aneuploidy rates of chromosomes 3,8, 10, 12, 17 and 20 are highly detected in both ESCC and its precursor lesions. M-FISH is helpful in the early diagnosis of ESCC, thus it may be used as a method to predict the risk to ESCC.

关 键 词：食管肿瘤 鳞状细胞癌 早期诊断 荧光原位杂交 染色体畸变 

分 类 号：R735.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]