小儿结缔组织病并发的肺动脉高压临床分析  被引量:8

Clinical analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to connective tissue disease in children

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作  者:邢燕[1] 宋红梅[1] 吴晓燕[1] 何艳燕[1] 魏珉[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院儿科,100730

出  处:《中华儿科杂志》2008年第11期822-826,共5页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

摘  要:目的研究小儿结缔组织病(CTD)并发的肺动脉高压(PAH)的发病情况、临床特点和预后。方法回顾性分析我院儿科2000年1月-2007年1月CTD并发PAH住院患儿的临床资料。结果(1)299例有完整心脏彩超资料的CTI)患儿共发生PAH31例(10.4%),女28例,男3例,年龄7~18岁,平均12.5岁。不同CTD中PAH的发病率分别为:重叠综合征(OCTD):62.5%(5/8),抗磷脂综合征(APS)50.0%(2/4),系统性血管炎(SV):28.6%(4/14),皮肌炎(DM):10.7%(3/28),系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)7.6%(17/223)。PAH在CTD患儿出现的时间为CTD起病后3周~5年,平均为1.5年。(2)小儿CTD相关PAH起病多隐匿,重者可出现呼吸困难(18/31,58.1%)、心功能衰竭(9/31,29.0%)。有雷诺现象和抗磷脂抗体或狼疮抗凝物阳性的PAH患儿易表现为中重度PAH。(3)超声心动图和肺功能尤其肺CO弥散量(D。CO)检查对早期发现PAH更有意义。(4)治疗后轻中度PAH转归较好,重度PAH可降至轻中度。CTD并发PAH死亡组患儿较存活组患儿动脉氧分压(PaO2)明显降低(P〈0.01),肺动脉收缩压(PASP)明显升高(P〈0.05)。结论CTD患儿并发PAH不少见,一般在CTD发病后平均1.5年,早期症状较隐匿,重者表现为呼吸困难和心功能衰竭。雷诺现象和抗磷脂抗体或狼疮抗凝物阳性者多为中重度PAH。早期定期监测超声心动图和肺功能对早期发现PAH非常必要。严重PAH将影响CTD患儿的预后,PASP分度和PaO2水平,是决定预后的重要因素。Objective To study the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) secondary to connective tissue disease (CTD). Methods The clinical record files of the pediatric inpatient with PAH in the population of CTD in the hospital treated between January 2000 and January 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results ( 1 ) In 299 patients with CTD and complete Doppler eehoeardiography files, 31 (31/299, 10.4% ) patients (28 females and 3 males), aged from 7 to 18 years (average: 12. 5 years), were found to have PAH, in whom, 5 (62. 5% )in 8 patients with overlapped CTD( OCTD), 2 (50. 0% )in 4 patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), 4(28. 6% )in 14 patients with systematic vasculitis (SV), 3 (10. 7% ) in 28 patients with dermatomyositis (DM), 17 (7.6%)in 223 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had PAH. The CTD-associated PAH occurred in the 3rd week to 5th year after initial CTD manifestations (median onset: 1.5 years). (2) The onset of CTD-associated PAH was obscure and children with severe CTD-associated PAH presented with dyspnea (18/31,58.1%) and heart failure (9/31,29.0%). The children with Raynaud's phenomenon or positive anticardiophospholipid antibody (ACL) or positive lupus anticoagulant (LA) were prone to have more severe PAH. (3) Doppler echocardiography and pulmonary function test, especially the test of pulmonary diffusion function of CO (DLCO) were necessary to detect PAH early. (4) After treatment, the pulmonary arterial pressure in mild and moderate PAH eases could be normalized and in severe PAH cases could be decreased to mild or moderate levels. There was a lower PaO2 level (P 〈 0. 01 ) , a higher pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) level( P 〈0. 05 )in the cases of CTD-PAH who died as compared with the live patients. Conclusions PAH is a common complication of CTDs, which occurs often 1.5 years after initial

关 键 词:肺动脉高压 结缔组织病 儿童 超声心动图检测 肺功能实验 

分 类 号:R686[医药卫生—骨科学]

 

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