留守初中生心理健康与生活事件、应对方式的关系  

Mental Health,Life Events and Coping Styles of Middle School Students Left by Parents in Rural Area

作　　者：周丽 高玉峰[1] 邱海棠[1] 杜莲[1] 郑玉萍[1] 蒙华庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心,重庆400016

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2008年第11期796-800,805,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:了解农村留守初中生心理健康状况,及其与生活事件和应付方式的关系。方法:采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)、青少年生活事件量表和应付方式问卷对重庆市348名农村初中生进行调查。结果:(1)农村留守中学生心理问题检出率为6.2%;(2)农村留守中学生MHT总分、孤独倾向、自责倾向、身体症状、冲动倾向因子得分均高于非留守学生[如,MHT总分(42.7±1.1)vs.(33.6±1.6),P= 0.004];(3)留守组学生的人际关系、受惩罚、健康适应因子分[(8.8±0.4)vs.(7.6±0.5)、(7.9±0.4)vs.(6.3±0.6)、(4.4±0.2)vs.(3.0±0.3),P=0.031、0.027、0.000]及幻想、退避、合理化等消极应付方式因子分[(6.2±0.6)vs.(3.9±0.2);(7.3±0.2)vs.(4.8±0.2),P=0.008、0.006、0.000]均高于非留守组;(4)相关分析表明留守中学生MHT总分与消极应付方式和生活事件量表中除丧失因子外各因子均呈正相关(r=0.26～0.48),生活事件量表中丧失因子与MHT各因子相关性最低,应付方式问卷中懈决问题因子与MHT身体症状、冲动倾向呈负相关(r=-0.21～-0.33);(5)生活事件和应付方式各因子能解释MHT总分、学习焦虑、冲动倾向、身体症状、对人焦虑因子中36%～53%的变异。在生活事件中,人际关系、学习压力事件对心理健康水平影响较大。消极应付方式中幻想因子对MHT总分最具有预测力,单独解释量达61%。而学习压力因子对学习焦虑最有预测力,单独解释量为38%。结论:农村留守中学生存在较多心理问题,生活事件和应付方式是影响其心理健康的重要因素。生活事件中人际关系、学习压力因子是心理健康的重要预测指标;积极应付方式和消极应付方式都与心理健康相关,但消极应付方式对其影响更大。Objective： To investigate the mental health of the rural middle school students who were left behind by parents working out, and to explore its relationship with their life events and coping styles. Methods： Stratified sampling method was used to draw 348 middle school students in Chongqing city. They were investigated with the Mental Health Test （MHT）, adolescent self-rating life events checklist and coping styles questionnaire. Results： The rate of mental disorder in the sample was 6.2%. In middle school, students being left behind had significantly higher scores than the control students in MHT total score [（42.7±1.1） vs. （33.6±1.6）, P 〈0.01] and the factors of self-blame [（5.9±0.2） vs. （4.6±0.3）, P〈0.01] . the students being left behind scored significantly higher than the control students in the factors of the life events related to interpersonal relationship, being punished , health and adaptation[（8.8±0.4） vs.（7.6±0.5）, （7.9±0.4） vs.（6.3±0.6）, （4.4±0.2） vs.（3.0±0.3）; P〈0.01 or 0.05], and the factors of coping styles related to the negative coping style [（6.2±0.6） vs. （3.9±0.2）, （7.3±0.2） vs.（4.8±0.2）; P 〈0.001] . The factors of MHT were positively eorrelated with negative coping styles and the factors of the life events except for the losing factor （r = 0.26-0.48）. The factors in MHT had low or no correlation with the factors of the life events related to losing faetor and the factors of the coping styles related to asking for help. The problem resolving factor was negatively correlated with physical symptom and impulse tendency （ r =-0.21— -0.33） . The factors of life events and coping styles explained 36%-53% variation of the scores of MHT total score, study anxiety, physical symptom, impulse tendency, and interpersonal anxiety. The fantasy factor could strongly predict and explain MHT total score, and the study pressure could strongly predict study anxiety. Conclusion： There are serious mental health prob

关 键 词：心理健康 生活事件 应付方式 留守初中生 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]