中学教师职业倦怠状况调查  

Research on the current situation of middle school teachers' job burnout

作　　者：马雅菊[1] 王有智 

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院教育科学系,陕西渭南714000 [2]陕西师范大学教育科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2008年第11期845-847,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(No.06JK124)

摘　　要：目的了解中学教师职业倦怠现状,为开展中学教师心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用职业倦怠量表,整群随机抽样,对西安和渭南10所中学390名中学教师进行现状调查。结果中学教师职业倦怠在性别上没有显著差异,在婚姻状况、职称上存在显著差异,初中教师比高中教师体验到更高的工作成就感,已婚教师的情绪衰竭和去人性化程度高于未婚教师,高级教师的去人性化程度高于二级教师。在每个维度上偏离一个标准差的人数比例均衡,在14.86%～15.95%之间;3个维度中,只在1个维度上偏离的人数为128,占34.59%;同时在两个维度上偏离的人数为27人,占7.3%;同时在3个维度偏离的人数有4人,占1.08%。结论当前中学教师的确存在一定的职业倦怠现象,但其表现有所不同,有较大比例的教师经历不同程度和层次的职业倦怠。Objective To explore the current situation of middle school teachers＇ job burnout, so as to provide evidence for mental health education for middle school teachers. Methods 390 middle school teachers were selected by cluster random sampling from 10 middle schools in Xi＇ an and Weinan. MBI-General Survey Scale was used to collect data. Results The percentages of scores beyond one standard deviation at each dimension were close, from 14. 86% to 15.95%. 34. 59% the of teachers deviated at one dimension, while 7. 3% of them deviated at two dimensions and 4 teach- ers （ 1.08% ） deviated at three dimensions. Gender did not affect the scores of burnout significantly. Study period, mar- riage status and professional title effected the scores of burnout significantly. Junior middle school teachers showed higher personal accomplishment than senior middle school teachers. Married teachers showed higher emotional exhaustion and de- personalization than single teachers. The depersonalization of teachers with high professional title was more severe than that of those with secondary professional title. Conclusion With differeat behavioral experssion, most teachers suffered from different degrees of job burnout.

关 键 词：中学教师 职业倦怠 情绪衰竭 去人性化 成就感降低 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] B844.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]