相机外参数标定的数值解法  

A Numerical Algorithm of Camera Calibration of Elements of Exterior Orientation

作　　者：李学军[1] 谢剑薇[1] 吉大纯[2] 王新波[2] 

机构地区：[1]装备指挥技术学院信息装备系,北京101416 [2]装备指挥技术学院研究生院,北京101416

出　　处：《计算机技术与发展》2008年第12期178-181,共4页Computer Technology and Development

基　　金：国家863项目(2002AA716133(军口));国防预研基金(20060826(重大专项))

摘　　要：相机外参数标定的传统方法对摄站环境有一定的要求,并且在某些情况下可能不收敛。提出了一种相机外参数标定的数值解法,解决由4个以上控制点求相机外参数最优解的问题。利用3个不共线的控制点求得相机初始方向;在初始方向附近进行采样,比较每个方向上的投影误差,选择其中误差最小的作为下一步逼近的初始方向,通过多次迭代最终得到满足精确要求的相机方向和其他相机外参数。测试结果表明:该算法解算精度高,限制条件少,能够保证收敛,在精度要求较高的场合具有较大的实用价值。The traditional methods of camera calibration have some constraints on shooting environment and may be not convergence at some conditions. A new numerical method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the initial direction of camera is calculated based on three control points that are not in a line. Secondly, select several directions near the initial direction, compare the projecting error on every direction and select the smallest one as further iterative direction. Finally the accurate camera elements can be calculated out. The test results show that this algorithm has high precision, few constraints and assurance of convergence. So it can be applied in the condition that the calculating accuracy is emphasized.

关 键 词：外参数 相机标定 数值解法 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]