预警、重复学习和反馈对错误记忆的影响--错误记忆的信号检测论分析  

Effects of Forewarning,Repetition and Feedback on False Memories:An Analysis With the Signal Detection Theory

作　　者：李宏英[1] 连榕[1] 翁洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学心理系,福州350108 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学》2008年第6期1507-1509,1430,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：本研究用信号检测论分析预警、重复学习和反馈三种变量对错误记忆的影响。实验1考察预警指导语的影响。实验2考察重复学习和反馈的影响。结果表明:预警对被试辨别力和反应偏向的影响不明显,对错误记忆影响也不显著;重复学习不能明显影响被试的反应标准,但可提高辨别力减弱错误记忆;反馈明显使被试倾向于使用更为宽松的反应标准,难以降低错误记忆。再认双加工模型和激活/监测理论能对实验结果做出合理的解释。Using the Signal Detection Theory and the DRM paradigm, the present research studied the effects of forewarning, repetition and feedback on false memory. In Experiment 1, it was found that forewarning neither signifficantly affected the false memory rate, nor the response bias or sensitivity. In Experiment 2, the results indicated that repeated exposure to the words in the learning phase had no observable effect on the response bias, but improved subjects＇ sensitivity to items and reduced the false memory rate. In Experiment 2, once the subjects got feedback, they tend to use more liberal criteria, but the shift of criteria didn＇t reduce the false memory rate. The activation/monitoring framework and dual-process model can be used to explain the false memory phenomenon in this kind of research.

关 键 词：错误记忆 预警 重复学习 反馈 信号检测论 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B841.4[哲学宗教—心理学]