热榨苦杏仁油脂及精油提取最佳条件的选择  

Hot-press Method to Extract Fatty Oil from Bitter Almond and Optical Conditions for Steam Distillation of Its Essential Oil

作　　者：郭婵娟[1] 赵忠[1] 毛巧芝[1] 魏丽萍[1] 李科友[1] 马希汉[1] 朱海兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2008年第5期102-107,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业局"948"项目"苦杏仁精油提取技术引进"(2004-4-52)部分研究内容

摘　　要：为了对苦杏仁综合加工提供理论依据,系统地研究了热榨法压榨苦杏仁油脂的最佳温度,并结合正交试验设计水蒸气蒸馏法提取苦杏仁精油的工艺.结果表明:热榨法提取苦杏仁油脂的最佳温度为80℃;水蒸汽蒸馏法提取精油的最佳工艺组合为提取过油脂的杏仁粒径30目,水解pH值5,水料比5倍,水解温度40℃,蒸馏时间60 min,水解时间2 h;在最佳条件下精油得率7.96‰,其中精油中苯甲醛含量为91.43%.In order to provide some theoretical support to the comprehensive processing of bitter almond, this paper conducted a study of the best temperature for the hot-press method and of the designing of technology for an effective steam distillation of essential oil with orthogonal experiments. Results from the experiments show that the optimum temperature for hot-press is 80℃and the most effective process of steam distillation is： material size being 30 meshes, hydroxylation made at 40℃ for 2 hours at pHS, ratio of water to raw material being 5 ： 1 and steam distilling time being 60 minutes. Under these optimum conditions, the yield of bitter almond oil is 7. 96% out of which the content of benzaidehyde is 91.43%.

关 键 词：苦杏仁 脂肪油 精油 热榨 水蒸气蒸馏 

分 类 号：S622.2[农业科学—园艺学]