科尔沁沙地不同沙漠化成因区域的景观动态比较  

Comparative analysis of landscape dynamics in Kerqin sandy land areas with different desertification formation causes

作　　者：李健英[1] 常学礼[1] 张继平[1] 蔡明玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学地理与规划学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第1期80-87,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院野外台站基金资助项目(1731690200015)

摘　　要：在3S技术支持下,比较分析了科尔沁沙地不同沙漠化成因区域的沙地景观动态变化过程。结果表明:近20年来,以人为活动干扰为主的区域(八仙筒镇),沙漠化土地变化幅度较大,各种沙漠化土地的转化主要表现在沙漠化土地中流动和半固定沙地向固定沙地转化、固定沙地向农田和林地转化;以自然干扰为主的区域(苇莲苏乡),沙漠化土地变化幅度较小,主要表现为各种沙地类型之间的转换;在人为活动为主的区域固定沙地的空间格局变化显著,1985—1995年固定沙地的联合度降低,人为活动干扰较强,而1995—2005年联合度增高,人为活动干扰相对较弱;在自然干扰为主的区域,同一时期空间格局的变化明显的是流动沙地,在1985—1995年,流动沙地斑块破碎度减小,流动沙地发育显著,在1995—2005年,流动沙地的破碎度继续减小,但其面积得到控制,表明治沙效果在这一时期是显著的。Based on 3S （GIS, RS, GPS）technique, a comparative analysis was made on the landscape dynamic changes in the Kerqin sandy land areas with different desertification formation causes. The results showed that in past 20 years, the desertified land in Baxiantong, where the desertification process was mainly affected by human activities, had a greater change extent, which represented in the transformation from mobile and semi-fixed sands to fixed sands and from fixed sands to cropland and woodland. In Weiliansu, where the desertification process was mainly affected by natural disturbance, the desertified land had smaller changes, and mainly manifested in the inter-transformation among different types of sands. In the areas dominated with human activities, the spatiotemporal pattern of fixed sand had significant changes, i. e. , the association of fixed sand decreased in 1985-1995, reflecting the enhanced human disturbance, but increased in 1995-2005, reflecting the comparatively weaker human disturbance. In natural disturbance dominated areas, the spatiotemporal pattern of mobile sand changed obviously, with the fractal dimension index decreased and the area increased in 1985-1995 and the fractal dimension index further decreased but the increased area being restrained in 1995-2005, indicating that the effect of combating desertification was prominent during 1995-2005.

关 键 词：沙漠化土地 沙漠化成因 时空动态 科尔沁沙地 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]