坚守还是弱化终身教职制度——美国高校教师聘任制改革动向  

To uphold or to weaken the tenure system?——The history,present and reform tendencies of faculty appointment system in American universities

作　　者：贾永堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2008年第12期89-95,共7页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(70573038)

摘　　要：美国现行的高校教师聘任制度是历史传统、市场逻辑和政治诉求等多重力量博弈的产物,其突出特点是适应学术职业的特殊要求,强调以终身教职制度维护学术自由,同时重视聘任程序的法制化。面对日益增强的外部压力,多数高校不得不适度弱化对教师的终身聘任并推行终身教职聘后评议制度,但即使是这些以保留终身教职制度为前提的改革依然引发了广泛争议。The existing faculty appointment system in American universities comes from the various forces among the historic tradition, market logic and political pursuit. The most striking feature of this system is： to protect academic freedom with the tenure system, and meanwhile, to emphasize appointment procedures based on law. Under the growing pressure, most universities have to weaken faculties＇ tenure appointment and implement the after --appointment evaluation system, however, the reform on the premise of maintaining the tenure system still brings about widespread controversy.

关 键 词：高校教师聘任制 终身教职 学术职业 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]