幼年菲菊头蝠形态和声音发育  

Postnatal Development of Morphological Features and Vocalization of Rhinolophus pusillus

作　　者：韦力[1] 茹炳华[1] 周莹莹[1] 邵伟伟[2] 张礼标 洪体玉[2] 周善义[2] 马杰[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062 [2]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004 [3]广州濒危动物研究所,广州510260 [4]Department of Physiology and Biophysics,Georgetown University Medical Center

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2009年第1期91-98,共8页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：华东师范大学紫江学者项目资助(张树义)

摘　　要：2006年5月31日—7月20日于桂林市郊积水洞对菲菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pusillus)幼蝠形态和叫声发育进行了研究。方差分析结果显示,幼蝠在出生后近3周内体重和前臂长增长迅速,随后增长速率变缓,且体重和前臂长增长与年龄均显著相关(年龄与体重:P=0.025;年龄与前臂长:P=0.042)。幼蝠叫声时程波动大,且均长于成年个体叫声时程,时程与年龄呈显著相关性。幼蝠在出生后3周内的叫声特征为频谱结构多样、频率波动大、谐波较多,在第3周后叫声多为FM-CF-FM叫声;幼蝠叫声第1谐波频率与年龄增长显著相关,而第二谐波频率与年龄相关性较弱;幼蝠在35天后主频率已经接近成年蝙蝠叫声频率;且前臂长与幼蝠叫声频率呈显著线性关系。Postnatal developments of morphological features （forearm and body mass） and vocalization （call frequencies and durations） of Rhinolophus pusillus were studied in the Jishui Cave of Guilin City from May 31 st to July 20th 2006. The morphological changes indicated that infants ofR. pusillus grew significantly in the postnatal three weeks and then gradually slowed down. Both forearm length and body weight were significantly correlated with the growing of age. Durations of infants＇ calls were fairly variable and longer than those of adults. No significant correlation was found between the duration and age. Spectral characteristics indicated that the calls produced by infants had rather variable spectrums, unstable frequencies, and multiple harmonics in the first 20 days after birth. Infants over three weeks old mostly emitted FM-CF-FM type calls. Frequencies of first harmonics were significantly correlated with their age but the second harmonics did not correlate with age. The call frequencies of the young five-week-old bats were similar with their adults. The call frequency had a significant linear correlation with forearm length. Our findings indicated that the high flexible vocal cord and undeveloped nasal chamber might affect the vocalization veracity of new born infants.

关 键 词：菲菊头蝠 形态特征 声音 发育 幼年 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]