多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用研究  

Synthesis of multiporous carbon nanofibers and their application in supercapacitors

作　　者：牛强[1] 张孝彬[1] 程继鹏[1] 刘芙[1] 周胜名[1] 聂安民[1] 谭俊军[1] 崔白雪[1] 周丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学硅材料国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《功能材料》2009年第2期314-316,321,共4页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50571087)

摘　　要：利用溶胶凝胶燃烧法制备了碱金属氧化物掺杂的铜催化剂,并使用这种催化剂在不同的温度、掺杂比例下通过热CVD法合成出了具有多孔分叉结构的纳米碳纤维。通过TEM、HRTEM、BET和激光拉曼光谱等手段对产物进行表征,显示这种纳米碳纤维的比表面积可高达1162m2/g,远高于普通的碳电极材料,并且具有非常丰富的中孔结构,克服了常规碳纳米纤维在应用中表现出的相对有效利用面积不大,比电容不高等缺陷,具备做电极材料的潜力。在将其应用于超级电容器电极材料后,利用二次电池测试仪及电化学工作站对其进行了循环伏安曲线及恒流充放电曲线的测试,结果显示这种纳米碳纤维具有良好的电化学电容行为,电极的可逆性良好,并且比电容值高达203F/g。这些发现将有助于碳纳米材料可控制备的研究,并且提供了一种有一定应用潜力的超级电容器电极材料。We prepared the special alkali metal oxide doped cu eatalyst by sol-gel combustion method. Through controlling the reaction temperature and the content of alkali metals in the eatalyst,multiporous carbon nanofibers were synthesized using this kind of catalyst by thermal CVD method. Characterized by BET,TEM and Raman Spectrum method, the multiporous carbon nanofibers have specific surface are of 1162m^2/g, which was much higher than the conventional carbon nanofibers. The BET results also show that there are plenty of mid- level holes in this structure,which could break the limitation of useful area and low specific capacitance. All of these characters make the multi-porous carbon nanofibers become a potential candidate of the electrode materials. Through the test of cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge curve using the battery instrument and the electrochemical workstation, this kind of carbon nanofibers also show excellent electrochemical behavior,reversibility,and a electrochemical capacitance of 203F/g. These findings will be useful for studying of controlled preparation of carbon nano-materials,and also provide a supercapacitor electrode material with potential application.

关 键 词：化学气相沉积 碱金属 多孔纳米碳纤维 超级电容器 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学]