学优生与学困生内隐与外显协同学习的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Synergistic Learning of Implicit and Explicit Between Excellent Students and Students with Learning Disabilities

作　　者：葛操[1] 沈德立[2] 白学军[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学教育学院,郑州450001 [2]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2009年第1期79-82,91,共5页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-04-0246);河南省教育科学"十一五"规划重点项目(2008-JKGHAZD-166)

摘　　要：根据目前国内采用的标准,选取学优生和学困生各120人。运用内隐学习中的双条件人工语法材料和强分离的实验范式,考察和比较了两种学生的内隐学习、内隐与外显协同学习的成绩。结果显示:(1)学优生在外显学习、协同学习(先内隐后外显以及内隐与外显交替)方式下的成绩显著好于学困生,而在内隐学习方式下,二者成绩差异不显著。(2)学优生的外显学习及协同学习成绩显著好于内隐学习成绩,而学困生在四种学习方式下成绩差异不显著。表明在人工语法学习中学优生的有意识学习及其与无意识的协同学习效果较好,而学困生的有意识学习及协同学习较差。According to the current standard,120 excellent students and 120 students with learning disabilities were selected.Bi-conditional artificial grammar letter strings and match-edit task paradigms in implicit learning research was used,this two kinds of students＇implicit learning as well as the synergistic learning of implicit and explicit manipulation was to be compared.The results were as follows：（1） There was no significant difference in implicit learning performance between excellent students and students with learning disabilities.Performance of excellent students in explicit learning,the synergistic learning of implicit and explicit（first learn in implicit learning and then the explicit learning as well as the alternate learning） was significantly better than that of students with learning disabilities.（2） Scores of excellent students in explicit learning,and in the synergistic learning of implicit and explicit were significantly higher than the scores of implicit learning.There was no significant difference between the performances of students with learning disabilities among four kinds of learning styles.These results suggested that effect of conscious learning and its synergistic learning with unconscious learning for excellent students was better than unconscious learning,whereas effect of conscious learning and its synergistic learning with unconscious learning for the students with learning disabilities had no significant difference with unconscious learning.

关 键 词：学优生 学困生 内隐学习 外显学习 协同学习 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]