近20年莱州湾南岸滨海湿地退化及其原因分析  

Analysis of the Degradations of Coastal Wetlands in Southern Laizhou Bay During Last 20 Years and the Mechanisms

作　　者：张绪良 陈东景[2] 谷东起[3] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学师范学院地理系,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛大学国际经济贸易系,山东青岛266071 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《科技导报》2009年第4期65-70,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40606013);山东省博士后科研项目(200603106)

摘　　要：以1987年和2002年的Landsat 5、Landsat 7卫星遥感影像空间属性数据为基本材料,结合实地调查,研究了近20年来莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的退化及原因。莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的退化包括物理退化、生物退化和化学退化3个方面。湿地的物理退化表现为自然湿地面积减小、景观多样性水平下降;湿地的生物退化表现为生物多样性水平下降、自然湿地净初级生产力降低;湿地的化学退化表现为湿地吸收CO2及释放O2的气体调节功能下降、吸收净化N功能的下降等。引起莱州湾南岸滨海湿地退化的自然因素有气候变暖和持续干旱、河流径流量减小、风暴潮、海岸侵蚀等,人为因素有围垦湿地、超量开采利用水资源、人类活动引起的地下咸卤水入侵、道路建设等。On the basis of remote sensing images of satellites Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 in 1987 and 2002 and related field investigation results, this paper studies the degradations of coastal wetlands in southern Laizhou Bay in the last 20 years and their mechanisms. The degradations include physical degradation,biological degradation and chemical degradation. The physical degradation concerns the decrease of natural wetland acreage and landscape diversity, the biological degradation concerns the decrease of biodiversity in species degree and the net primary productivity of natural wetlands, and the chemical degradation concerns the decrease of gas regulating function such as absorbing CO2 and giving off O5 and the function degradation for absorbing and purifying N. The natural influences related with the degradations include global warming; continued drought, decrease of runoff, storm surges, coastal erosion. The human influences include reclamation, over-use of water resources, intrusion of salt brine groundwater, road construction.

关 键 词：莱州湾南岸 滨海湿地 物理退化 化学退化 生物退化 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]