论汉英形状量词“一物多量”的认知缘由及意象图式的不定性  

On the Cognitive Reason for the Existence of "Many Classifiers for One Thing" and the Indefiniteness of the Image-schema

作　　者：王文斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科技学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《外语教学》2009年第2期6-11,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(N05YY08)阶段性成果;上海外国语大学"中国外语战略研究中心"的资助

摘　　要：本文通过对汉英形状量词"一物多量"的讨论,发现四点:1)是汉英中许多形状量词能反映有形事物的四个维度;2)是一个形状量词往往就是人类观察事物的一种视角;3)是一种视角往往就是一种意象图式;4)是一种意象图式往往就是对有形事物的一种识解。本文认为,一个形状量词往往就是一种意象图式,而客观事物在人脑中的意象图式通常会因认知主体的作用而发生转换。汉英中之所以出现"一物多量"的量词使用现象,是因认知主体的视角转换以及客观事物本身的多维性所致,由此所产生的直接结果就是认知主体对客观事物的意象图式往往是动态的,具有不定性。Grounded on the discussion of the linguistic phenomenon of ＂many classifiers for one thing＂ demonstrated by the shape classifiers both in Chinese and English, this article observes four points ： （ 1 ） many shape classifiers in the two langua- ges can be used to describe the four dimensions of concrete things ; （2） a shape classifier can be considered to be a perspective taken by human beings to look at a thing in the world; （3） a perspective can turn out to be an image -schema; （4） an image-schema is usually no less than a construal of a concrete thing. Based on the observation of these four points, the article draws a conclusion that a shape classifier can basically reflect an image-schema of a thing in the mind, which may shift in the cognitive operation performed by a subject. The reason for the existence of ＂many classifiers for one thing＂ in the two langua- ges comes from the fact of a subject＇ s perspective - shifting and the multi-dimensionality of a thing itself, which gives rise to the dynamic indefiniteness of an image-schema a subject has about a thing.

关 键 词：汉英 一物多量 视角 意象图式 不定性 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]