沈从文湘西母体文化的洞穴隐喻  

The Cave Metaphor in Shen Congwen's Western Hunan Mother Culture

作　　者：韩冷 

机构地区：[1]广东社会科学编辑部,广东广州510610

出　　处：《遵义师范学院学报》2009年第1期33-38,共6页Journal of Zunyi Normal University

基　　金：广州市哲学社会科学基金项目"现代性内涵的冲突--京派小说性爱叙事"(07Q20)的成果之一。

摘　　要：在沈从文的小说中洞穴是湘西母体文化的象征,故事通过人物对山洞生活的眷恋表达了作者渴望回归原始母体文明的强烈愿望,但是野人最后被剿灭的悲剧则预示着湘西原始文明必然失落的命运。写作是作家回归子宫的隐秘愿望的达成。柏拉图在《理想国》中提出了著名的"洞穴喻"。自由囚徒走出山洞,就好比是现代知识分子从落后的乡村走向城市。当知识分子走出"山洞",一部分人选择了留在洞外,并希望解救洞内的人,而沈从文选择了返回洞中。In Shen Congwen＇s novels, the cave is a symbol of the Western Hunan mother culture. Through nostalgic feelings of characters about the cave life, the thirst of the author for returning to the primitive mother civilization was expressed. But the final extermination of the savages indicated that this primitive civilization in Western Hunan was doomed to disappear. Writing helped the author reach the wish of returning to the uterus. Plato presented his famous ＂cave metaphor＂. Fred prisoners coming out of the cave is much similar to modem intellectuals floundering from the backward country to cities. While coming out of the ＂cave＂, part of intellectuals choose to stay outside it, hoping to liberate the other insiders. But Shen Congwen chose to enter into the cave again.

关 键 词：沈从文 洞穴原型 道教 洞天福地 柏拉图 洞穴喻 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]