云南热带雨林地区野杂猪的胴体品质与肉质特性  

Studies on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Crossbred Wild Boar in Tropical Rain Forest Areas of Yunnan

作　　者：杨晓琼[1,2] 连林生[2] 

机构地区：[1]西双版纳职业技术学院,景洪666100 [2]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2009年第2期130-136,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(07Y10913)

摘　　要：本研究旨在分析云南热带雨林地区野杂猪的胴体品质与肉质特性,探讨野杂猪的开发利用价值。选用240头猪,分为农户饲养的滇南小耳猪(简称:X)、西双版纳野猪×滇南小耳猪F1(YX)、西双版纳野猪×野猪滇南小耳猪F1(YYX)和西双版纳野猪×野猪杜洛克F1(YYD)4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复20头。在达60 kg屠宰体重时,每个重复选择3头(共12头)屠宰并进行胴体品质和肉质特性的分析。结果表明,各组之间肌肉主要营养成分没有显著差异(P>0.05)。YX组、YYX组和YYD组的肉色评分显著高于x组(P<0.05);眼肌面积、后腿比例、瘦肉率和骨骼比率极显著高于X组(P<0.01)。YYX组、YX组和YYD组的不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为51.16%、55.05%、56.80%,低于X组的57.58%;YYX组、YYD组和YX组的17种氨基酸含量依次是17.82%、17.70%、14.32%,低于X组的23.98%。由结果可知,西双版纳野杂猪的肌肉主要营养指标优良,且瘦肉率高、肉色好、加上出品率高,尤其是YYX组肉质特性表现最好,具有开发生产优质保健肉的市场前景。In order to improve the utilization of crossbred wild boar, an experiment was designed to investigate the carcass traits and meat quality of the crossbred wild boar in the tropical rain forest areas of Yunnan. Two hundred and forty crossbred wild boars and Diannan small-ear pigs with similar weight according to the blood was divided into four groups with 3 replicates in every group of 20 pigs per replicate, which were Diannan small-ear pigs group （＂X＂ for short）, Xishuangbanna wild pigs X Diannan small-ear pigs group （YX）, Xishuangbanna wild pig X （Xishuangbanna wild pigs X Diannan small-ear pig） group （YYX） and Xishuangbanna wild pigsX （Xishuangbanna wild pigsX Duroc） group （YYD）. When body weight of pigs reached 90 kg, three pigs per replicate were slaughtered to determine the carcass traits and meat quality. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the major nutrient composition among four groups （P〉0.05）. Compared with X group, YX, YYX and YYD group all had significantly higher meat color value （P〈0.05）; loin-eye area, ratio of leg, lean meat percentage and bone percentages in YX, YYX and YYD group all significantly higher than that in X group （P〈0.01）. Unsaturated fatty acid percentage was 51.16% in YYX group, 55.05% in YX group and 56. 80% in YYD group respectively and was lower than that in X group, which was 57.58% ; content of 17 kinds of amino acids was 17.82% in YYX group, 17.70% in YYD group and 14.32% in YX group respectively and was also lower than that in X group, which was 23.98%. These results indicated that crossbred wild boar in the tropical rain forest areas of Yunnan had desirable carcass traits and meat quality, that is to say, there were higher lean meat percentage, meat color value and processing of high yield in crossbred wild boar; especially, YYX crossbred wild boar showed optimum meat features which could be developed the peculiar pork industry research with good market prospect.

关 键 词：野杂猪 胴体品质 肉质特性 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S828.5[农业科学—畜牧兽医]