驾驶员昼间动态环境暖色调障碍物空间距离判识规律  

Cognitive regulation of space distance about drivers to genial tone obstacles in daytime dynamic environment

作　　者：刘浩学[1] 赵炜华[1] 刘凯峥[1] 张娟[1] 周晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2009年第2期105-109,共5页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50778023)

摘　　要：随机选取32名驾驶员,获得绝对距离和相对距离判识数据。通过数据统计和回归分析,分析了驾驶员在地面动态环境下,对暖色调障碍物空间距离判识变化的定量规律。建立了障碍物在25、75、125m3种距离状态下,空间绝对距离与相对距离判识变化的6种数学模型。分析结果表明:在车辆行驶深度方向,驾驶员对暖色调障碍物空间绝对距离判识的准确性随距离增加而下降,相对距离判识准确性高于绝对距离;随车辆运行速度的增加,空间距离判识的准确性不断下降,且两者之间呈负指数变化关系;6种数学模型的相关系数不小于0.941,拟合度良好。The cognition data of absolute distances and relative distances for 32 drivers who were selected randomly, were obtained and disposed through statistic and regress analysis. The quantitative variation laws about cognitive distances to genial color tone obstacles were studied in ground dynamic environment. Six cognitive mathematical models about absolute and relative space distances under the conditions of three different distances that are 25, 75, 125 m were established. Analysis result shows drivers’ cognition accuracy for absolute distance in depth direction decreases with the increase of actual distance, and the accuracy of relative distance cognition is higher than that of absolute distance cognition. With the increase of vehicle velocity, the accuracy of distance cognition declines continuously, and there is a negative exponential relationship between cognitive distance and vehicle velocity. The minimum correlative coefficient of the models is 0.941, so they are feasible. 7 tabs, 5 figs, 12 refs.

关 键 词：道路交通安全 驾驶员 地面动态环境 暖色障碍物 深度视觉 空间距离判识 

分 类 号：U491.25[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]