隐喻多样性原则与隐喻研究的生态语言学视角  

The Principle of Metaphorical Diversity and an Eco-linguistic Perspective to Metaphor

作　　者：朱长河[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外文学院

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2009年第2期102-107,共6页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

摘　　要：隐喻认知既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。一方面，作为人类几千年来在与世界的互动过程中积累起来的经验的释解手段和结果，隐喻不仅是人类思维的宝贵财富，也是人类赖以生存的方式；另一方面。隐喻认知具有一定程度的不可靠性和局限性，从而可能对人类的生存构成威胁。然而．由于人类认知能力的局限，隐喻认知不可避免。因此，只有保持隐喻的多样性，我们才有可能不断接近解决所面临的问题的非隐喻性方法，从而最大程度地避免人类的无意识自杀，提高人类的生存几率。就生态语言学而言，保持隐喻多样性不仅要求对现行环境隐喻进行生态批评，积极建构新型环境隐喻。而且要加强对其他社会的语言，尤其是异域社会语言中环境隐喻的研究。Metaphorical cognition is characterized with both positive and negative effects. On the one hand, as the ways of and result from the construal of experiences accumulated by human beings in their millenniums of interaction with the world, metaphors are the mode human beings live by, as well as a treasure of human mind. On the other hand, metaphorical cognition is characterized, to some degree, with unreliability and partiality, and hence might pose a threat to the survival of mankind. However, due to the limits of our cognitive ability, metaphorical cognition is something inevitable. Therefore, only by maintaining a metaphorical diversity may we get increasingly closer to non-metaphorical solutions to the problems we face, downplay as much as possible the risk of unconscious suicide on the part of human beings, and improve our prospect of survival as a species. As far as eco-lingnistics is concerned, in order to maintain a metaphorical diversity, it is demanded that we not only conduct eco-criticism to current environmental metaphors and positively construct new ones, but also strengthen studies on environmental metaphors in the languages of other societies, especially the languages of exotic societies.

关 键 词：生态语言学 认知语言学 隐喻 多样性 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]