中文阅读的副中央凹-中央凹效应:词n的语义透明度对词n-1加工的影响  

Parafoveal-on-foveal Effects in Chinese Reading:The Influence of Semantic Transparencies of word n on word n-1 Processing

作　　者：白学军[1] 胡笑羽[1] 闫国利[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074

出　　处：《心理学报》2009年第5期377-386,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30870781);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-06-0254)

摘　　要：研究探讨中文阅读中的副中央凹-中央凹效应。副中央凹-中央凹效应是指副中央凹处词的特性对中央凹处词汇加工的影响。实验以27名大学生为被试,采用句子阅读材料,考察词n的语义透明度特性对词n-1(高频、低频)加工的影响。结果表明,词n的语义透明度的高低对词n-1(高频、低频)的加工没有影响,没有出现副中央凹-中央凹效应。实验结果支持E-Z读者模型的假设。Parafoveal-on-foveal effects occur when lexical properties of word n influence processing on word n-1 during reading. According to the E-Z Reader model （Reichle et. al, 2003, 2006）, lexical characteristics of word n should not influence the processing of word n-1 （Rayner et. al, 1998）. In contrast, the parallel model SWIFT （Engbert et. al, 2002, 2005） stipulates that multiple words within the perceptual span can be processed in parallel. If true, then parafoveal processing difficulty should slow down foveal processing （Inhoff et. al, 2000; Vitu et. al, 2004）. However, Kennedy （2002, 2004） reported an inverted parafoveal-on-foveal effect where greater parafoveal processing difficulty resulted in the reader spending less time on the foveal word. He argued that a difficult configuration of parafoveal words acts as a salient target causing the reader to execute an early saccade. They refer to this process as ＂magnetic attraction＂. The main goal of the present study was to investigate parafoveal-on-foveal effects in normal Chinese reading. We examined whether the semantic transparency of word n influenced readers＇ processing time on word n-1. Semantic transparency is the semantic relationship between a compound word and its constituent morphemes. By definition, a semantically transparent compound is one which is semantically related to the meaning of its constituent morphemes. A compound word is semantically opaque when its meaning cannot be understood by simply combining the constituent morphemes＇ individual meanings. We compared first pass reading times on word n-1 in a condition where word n was semantically transparent with those in a condition where word n was semantically opaque. Additionally, the effect of the processing load of word n-1 was examined by making a word frequency manipulation on word n-1. According to the assumptions of the SWIFT model, individual morpheme processing is part of lexical access, and therefore, processing of word n when semantically transparent would be ea

关 键 词：副中央凹-中央凹效应 语义透明度 眼动 序列加工 平行加工 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]