隧道竖井对车体压力的作用机理及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Action Mechanism and the Influencing Factors of the Tunnel Shaft to the Pressure of the Carbody

作　　者：杨伟超[1] 彭立敏[1] 施成华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木建筑学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2009年第3期68-73,共6页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2005G003)

摘　　要：采用数值模拟方法,对有无竖井条件下列车高速通过隧道时车体压力的变化过程进行模拟,研究竖井对车体压力的作用机理,基于车体压力变化幅值对竖井面积、数量和列车速度等因素进行分析。结果表明,设置竖井后隧道内的压力波及其传播体系以竖井为界分为前后2个不同的阶段,列车在不同阶段内行驶时车体压力独立地遵循各自的变化规律。减小竖井面积和增加竖井数量均有助于降低车体压力的变化幅度,当竖井面积小于0.5倍隧道有效断面面积时,竖井可有效降低车体压力的变化幅度;增加竖井数量虽然能降低车体压力,但会增多车体压力的变化次数;竖井对车头的降压效果最为显著,其次为车中和车尾;对于不同的列车速度,竖井对车体都有一定的降压作用,且竖井的降压效果随着列车速度的提高而增强。With numerical simulation method, the changing process of the carbody pressure on the external surface of the carbody was simulated when trains passing through the tunnel with high speed under the condition of with and without the shaft. The action mechanism of the shaft on the carbody pressure was studied. Based on the changing amplitude of the carbody pressure, such factors as shaft area, shaft number and train speed were analyzed. Results show that, after setting the shaft, the pressure wave in the tunnel and its transmission system is divided into two respective phases with the shaft as the boundary. When train runs at different phases, the carbody pressure independently follows each change law. Reducing shaft area and increasing shaft number will be helpful to reduce the changing amplitude of the earbody pressure. When the shaft area is 0. 5 times smaller than the effective section area of the tunnel, the shaft can effectively reduce the changing amplitude of the carbody pressure. Although increasing the shaft number can reduce the carbody pressure, it also can increase the change frequency of the carbody pressure at the same time. The depressurization effect of the shaft is the most remarkable on the cab, and then followed by the wagon and the rear of train. The shaft has definite depressurization effect on the carbody with different train speed, and the depressurization effect of the shaft boosts up with the increase of train speed.

关 键 词：隧道 竖井 空气动力效应 压力波 车体压力 

分 类 号：U451.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]