microRNA与肿瘤的关系  

MicroRNA and its Relationship with Tumor

作　　者：何琳[1] 王禄增[1] 郑志红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学实验动物部,沈阳110001

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2009年第3期175-178,F0003,共5页International Journal of Genetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30571836）;辽宁省科学计划项目（2007408001-4）

摘　　要：miRNA是一类分布广泛的非编码小分子RNA，其长度约为22个核苷酸，它的功能是通过负调控基因的表达从而调节细胞的生理过程，但当其表达异常时可能引起疾病甚至肿瘤的形成。过去肿瘤的研究大多数都集中于对原癌基因和抑癌基因突变的研究上。目前，发现许多肿瘤的发生很可能是受miRNA的影响，miRNA也可以起到抑癌基因或原癌基因的作用。miRNA表达的异常可能与其染色体脆性位点存在几率较高有关。本文对miRNA的结构、功能及其与肿瘤发生关系等方面进行了综述。miRNA is a kind of universally distributed non-ceding small molecule RNA, of which the length is about 22 nueleotides, miRNA plays a role in the negative regulation of gene expression, and thus affects physiological processes in cells. The abnormal expression of miRNA could lead to diseases, in particular, various tumors. In the past decades, most studies about tumorigenesis have focused on the mutations of either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes ; however, it was recently found that many of the incidences of cancers were correlated with miRNA, which acts similarly as a tumor suppressor gene or an oneogene. The abnormai expression of miRNA may be related to the highest probability of chromosomal fragile sites. In this review, we will describe the structures and functions of miRNA and discuss its relationship with carcinogenesis.

关 键 词：MIRNA 肿瘤 DROSHA DICER 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]