自闭症的预防和治疗方法(英文)  

The Prevention and Therapy of Infantile Autism

作　　者：李春明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2009年第11期2162-2167,共6页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

摘　　要：自闭症(孤独症)是一种以外在表现命名的、发现于幼儿期的中枢神经系统发育迟缓症。其莫名的攻击性行为、特异的生活模式符合潜意识的特征。自闭症的三要素是语言和沟通障碍、社会性和人际关系障碍、行为的同一性。1943年堪那提出了自闭症的五个症状:极端的孤独,缺乏和别人情感的接触;对环境事物有要求同一性(sameness)的强烈欲望;对某些物品有特殊的偏好,且以极好的精细动作操弄这些物品;没有语言,或者虽有语言但其语言似乎不能用于人际沟通;保留智能,呈沉思外貌,并具有良好的认知潜能。自闭症患儿的意识层面有符合潜意识特征的想法,有时在清醒状态也会表现出心理紊乱的特征。自闭症患儿由于睡眠障碍,较长时间处于心理紊乱状态。基于对现状的分析和对相关心理理论的研究,提出自闭症的预防和治疗应从四个方面入手:一是纠正心理紊乱,即克服睡眠障碍、补充睡眠时间;二是促进其神经系统发育;三是减轻病理因素的影响;四是加强学习训练,纠正意识层面具有潜意识特征的想法。充足的睡眠还可以促进中枢神经系统的发育,在根本上治疗自闭症。由于中药治本、西药治标的特点,在用药上,应交替服用促进发育、调理睡眠的中药,而禁服西药。Infantile autism is named from outside behavior. This illness is a kind of nerve centre system stunt in infancy. The symptom of this disease is the unintelligible attacking action and differential living model according with the unconsciousness. Some ideas in consciousness are according with the unconsciousness. Because of the sleep dysfunction, the infant have more time in psychological dysfunction. The prevention and cure of infantile autism has four ways. The first is rectifying psychological dysfunction. The second is promoting the development of nerve system. The third is mitigating the effect of pathological factor. The fourth is strengthening learning. Enough sleep can also promote the development of nerve system and cure the infantile autism radically. The Chinese traditional medicine is the first selection because it cures the illness radically. The western medicine should be forbidden because it only eliminates the symptom provisionally and has bad side-effect.

关 键 词：心理学 自闭症(孤独症) 潜意识理论 心理紊乱 睡眠 中医 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学] G44[文化科学—教育学]