多普勒天气雷达在低纬高原地区建立高分辨率降水资料场中的应用  

APPLICATIONS OF DOPPLER RADAR TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF HIGH-RESOLUTION PRECIPITATION FIELD IN LOW-LATITUDE PLATEAU

作　　者：李德俊[1,2,3] 尤卫红[1] 李跃清[2] 柳草[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,云南昆明650091 [2]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,四川成都610072 [3]恩施州气象局,湖北恩施445000 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2009年第3期379-384,共6页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40575046);云南省气象局滑坡泥石流建设项目(2007);云南省自然科学基金项目(2004D0005M)共同资助

摘　　要：利用昆明多普勒天气雷达资料、自动雨量站的降水资料以及TRMM/PR资料,对多普勒天气雷达在低纬高原地区建立高分辨率降水资料场中的应用进行了研究。结果表明:(1)在低纬高原地区的降水云层的零度亮带的高度值变化较大,其最高值与最低值的差达到3787.8m,这在建立高分辨率降水资料场时是需要考虑的,选择雷达体扫复合仰角的PPI反射因子来进行雷达降水估测是比较合适的;(2)在强降水和大面积中等强度降水的情况下,还需要考虑降水衰减的影响。通过试验发现:对于低纬高原地区雷达测量降水,使用迭代法对雷达衰减订正的效果比较好,其订正后的雷达反射因子明显高于雷达直接探测的反射因子,最大的订正差值超过了9dBz;(3)在雷达-自动雨量站联合校准中采用卡尔曼滤波方法对雷达测量降水的误差修正有明显的改进作用。Utilizing Kunming Doppler weather radar data, rainfall data from automatic rain gauges and TRMM/PR data, we study the applications of Doppler radar to the establishment of high-resolution precipitation fields in low-latitude plateau. The results are shown as follows. （1） The height of a 0 ~C bright band varies greatly, and the difference between the highest and lowest heights is 3 787.8 m, which must be taken into account in establishing high-resolution precipitation fields. Making use of PPI levels of composite angle of elevation is appropriate for rainfall estimation. （2） In the case of heavy rainfall or large-scale moderate rainfall events, it should also be taken into account the effect of rainfall attenuation. This study shows that the iterative technique has higher accuracy for attenuation correction of rainfall estimated by radar in low-latitude plateau; the reflectivity with attenuation correction is higher than the one without; and the maximum difference between them is over 9 dBz. （3） The error of radar rainfall estimation can be reduced by using the Kalman Filter method in joint radar-gauge calibration.

关 键 词：低纬高原地区 雷达测量降水 迭代法 卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]