天基对地打击动能武器再入解析预测制导技术  

Analytical Predictive Guidance for Space-to-ground Kinetic Weapon in Reentry

作　　者：胡正东[1] 郭才发[1] 蔡洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学航天与材料工程学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《宇航学报》2009年第3期1039-1044,1051,共7页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-05-0901);国防科技大学优秀研究生创新资助项目(B070103)

摘　　要：天基对地打击动能武器用于从太空对地面高价值战略目标进行快速、准确的打击。为了在各种干扰因素的作用下仍能保证足够的命中精度，动能弹头必须实施再入制导。针对实时性要求，探讨了一种解析预测制导方法。首先详细推导了零攻角再入弹道参数的三维解析解，在此基础上借鉴牛顿迭代法的思想设计了速度倾角与航向角的迭代修正算法，并最终将其用于制导指令的生成。仿真结果表明，解析预测制导方法能有效提高再入弹头的落点精度，且实时性强。此外，通过对不同制导参数下的制导性能进行分析还发现，制导步长取450-600米、精度参数取20-50米最为合适。The space-to-ground kinetic weapon is mainly used to strike the ground strategic target rapidly and exactly from space. For the sake of precision guarantee under various disturbance, reentry guidance must be executed for the kinetic warhead. According to the requirement of real-time capability, an analytical predictive guidance technology is discussed. Firstly the three di- mensional analytical solution of trajectory parameters under ballistic reentry is deduced. Then an iterative correction algorithm for velocity inclination and heading angle is devised following the Newton iteration method, which is finally used for guidance command generation. Simulation results show that the analytical predictive guidance method presented is able to improve the impact point precision effectively and has good real-time capability. Furthermore through the analysis of guidance performance under different guidance parameters, it can be derived that the guidance step lying in 450 - 600 meters and the precision parameter lying in 20-50 meters are most appropriate.

关 键 词：天基对地打击动能武器 解析预测制导 零攻角再入 三维解析解 牛顿迭代法 

分 类 号：V474.28[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]