机动车尾气污染对居民出行选择的影响  

Effects of Vehicle Emissions on Travel Choices

作　　者：李志斌[1] 王炜[1] 杨晨[1] 张慰曾[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通规划与管理江苏省重点实验室,南京210096

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2009年第3期56-59,共4页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:50738001)资助

摘　　要：机动车尾气排放造成的空气污染对人体健康的危害逐渐被医学界证实。城市居民选择交通工具以及出行路线时,道路机动车尾气污染会影响其选择行为。文中通过居民出行问卷调查证实部分出行者会采取规避行为降低机动车尾气污染对个人健康的危害,建立表征出行者与污染气体接触程度的曝露指数模型,通过数据拟合建立增量时间转化模型,以出行时间增加值的形式定量得到机动车尾气污染对居民出行的影响程度,对离散选择模型的效用函数进行了修正,并给出了算例。It is confirmed by medical research that vehicle emissions have negative effects on human＇s health. City residents will take the risks of traffic pollution into consideration when making travel choice decision. In this paper, the questionnaire survey was conducted to demonstrate that some people would take actions to reduce their exposure to transportation-related emissions. Then, an exposure index model representing the degree of traveler＇s exposure to vehicle emis- sions was established, and the effects that the vehicle emissions impose on the travel choices were quantitatively evaluated by the new definition of vehicle emission extra time. Furthermore, the utility function of a discrete choice model was mod- ified. Finally, a numerical example was given.

关 键 词：尾气排放 空气污染 曝露指数 增量时间 效用 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]